DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.50189
论文题名: Nitrous oxide (N<inf>2</inf>O) emissions from California based on 2010 CalNex airborne measurements
作者: Xiang B. ; Miller S.M. ; Kort E.A. ; Santoni G.W. ; Daube B.C. ; Commane R. ; Angevine W.M. ; Ryerson T.B. ; Trainer M.K. ; Andrews A.E. ; Nehrkorn T. ; Tian H. ; Wofsy S.C.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
ISSN: 21698996
出版年: 2013
卷: 118, 期: 7 起始页码: 2809
结束页码: 2820
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Agriculture
; Air quality
; Carbon dioxide
; Global warming
; Greenhouse gases
; Nitrogen fertilizers
; Nitrogen oxides
; Particulate emissions
; Quantum cascade lasers
; Research
; Research aircraft
; Stochastic models
; Agricultural emissions
; Atmospheric concentration
; Atmospheric observations
; Fertilizer applications
; Global warming potential
; Lagrangian particle dispersion model
; Stratospheric chemistry
; Weather research and forecasting
; Weather forecasting
; agricultural emission
; air quality
; airborne survey
; anthropogenic source
; atmospheric chemistry
; atmospheric modeling
; atmospheric pollution
; carbon dioxide
; concentration (composition)
; data set
; eighteenth century
; emission inventory
; fertilizer application
; global warming
; nitrous oxide
; seasonal variation
; stratosphere
; weather forecasting
; California
; Central Valley [California]
; United States
英文摘要: Nitrous oxide (N2 O) is an important gas for climate and for stratospheric chemistry, with a lifetime exceeding 100 years. Global concentrations have increased steadily since the 18th century, apparently due to human-associated emissions, principally from the application of nitrogen fertilizers. However, quantitative studies of agricultural emissions at large spatial scales are lacking, inhibited by the difficulty of measuring small enhancements in atmospheric concentration. Here we derive regional emission rates for N2 O in the agricultural heartland of California based on analysis of in-situ airborne atmospheric observations collected using a new quantum cascade laser spectrometer. The data were obtained on board the NOAA WP-3 research aircraft during the CalNex (California Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change) program in late spring 2010. We coupled the WRF (weather research and forecasting) model, a meso-scale meteorology model, with the STILT (stochastic time-inverted Lagrangian transport) model, a Lagrangian particle dispersion model, to link our in-situ airborne observations to surface emissions. We then used a variety of statistical methods to identify source areas and to optimize emission rates. Our results are consistent with the view that fertilizer application is the largest source of N2 O in the Central Valley. The spatial distribution of surface emissions, based on California land use and activity maps, was very different than indicated in the leading emission inventory (EDGAR 4.0). Our estimated total emission flux of N2 O for California in May and June was 3 - 4 times larger than the annual mean given for the state by EDGAR and other inventories, indicating a strong seasonal variation. We estimated the statewide total annual emissions of N2 O to be 0.042 ± 0.011 Tg N/year, roughly equivalent to inventory values if we account for seasonal variations using observations obtained in the midwestern United States. This state total N2 O emission is 20.5 Tg CO2 equivalent (100 year global warming potential = 310 CO2 eq/g N2 O), accounting for approximately 4% of the state total greenhouse gas emissions. © 2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. 资助项目: ATM-083091-2
; NA09OAR4310122
; NA11OAR4310158
; NNX09AJ94G
; NNX09AU40G
; NNX11AG47G
Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/63836
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候减缓与适应
There are no files associated with this item.
作者单位: School of Engineering and Applied Science, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, 20 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, United States; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, United States; Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Lexington, MA, United States; School of Forestry and Wildlife Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
Recommended Citation:
Xiang B.,Miller S.M.,Kort E.A.,et al. Nitrous oxide (N<inf>2</inf>O) emissions from California based on 2010 CalNex airborne measurements[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2013-01-01,118(7)