DOI: 10.5194/tc-7-1193-2013
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84881392906
论文题名: The effects of additional black carbon on the albedo of Arctic sea ice: Variation with sea ice type and snow cover
作者: Marks A ; A ; , King M ; D
刊名: Cryosphere
ISSN: 19940416
出版年: 2013
卷: 7, 期: 4 起始页码: 1193
结束页码: 1204
语种: 英语
英文关键词: absorption
; albedo
; black carbon
; light scattering
; radiative transfer
; sea ice
; snow cover
; visible spectrum
; wavelength
; Arctic Ocean
英文摘要: The response of the albedo of bare sea ice and snow-covered sea ice to the addition of black carbon is calculated. Visible light absorption and light-scattering cross-sections are derived for a typical first-year and multi-year sea ice with both "dry" and "wet" snow types. The cross-sections are derived using data from a 1970s field study that recorded both reflectivity and light penetration in Arctic sea ice and snow overlying sea ice. The variation of absorption cross-section over the visible wavelengths suggests black carbon is the dominating light-absorbing impurity. The response of first-year and multi-year sea ice albedo to increasing black carbon, from 1 to 1024 ng g-1, in a top 5 cm layer of a 155 cm-thick sea ice was calculated using a radiative-transfer model. The albedo of the first-year sea ice is more sensitive to additional loadings of black carbon than the multi-year sea ice. An addition of 8 ng g-1 of black carbon causes a decrease to 98.7% of the original albedo for first-year sea ice compared to a decrease to 99.7% for the albedo of multi-year sea ice, at a wavelength of 500 nm. The albedo of sea ice is surprisingly unresponsive to additional black carbon up to 100 ng g-1 . Snow layers on sea ice may mitigate the effects of black carbon in sea ice. Wet and dry snow layers of 0.5, 1, 2, 5 and 10 cm depth were added onto the sea ice surface. The albedo of the snow surface was calculated whilst the black carbon in the underlying sea ice was increased. A layer of snow 0.5 cm thick greatly diminishes the effect of black carbon in sea ice on the surface albedo. The albedo of a 2-5 cm snow layer (less than the e-folding depth of snow) is still influenced by the underlying sea ice, but the effect of additional black carbon in the sea ice is masked. © Author(s) 2013. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/74968
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候变化与战略
There are no files associated with this item.
作者单位: Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Marks A,A,, King M,et al. The effects of additional black carbon on the albedo of Arctic sea ice: Variation with sea ice type and snow cover[J]. Cryosphere,2013-01-01,7(4)