| DOI: | 10.5194/tc-10-1245-2016
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| Scopus记录号: | 2-s2.0-84976417313
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| 论文题名: | Which are the highest peaks in the US Arctic? Fodar settles the debate |
| 作者: | Nolan M; , DesLauriers K
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| 刊名: | Cryosphere
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| ISSN: | 19940416
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| 出版年: | 2016
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| 卷: | 10, 期:3 | | 起始页码: | 1245
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| 结束页码: | 1257
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 英文关键词: | airborne survey
; avalanche
; climate change
; disaster management
; geological survey
; glacier mass balance
; GPS
; mountain region
; slope dynamics
; snowpack
; topographic mapping
; Alaska
; Canada
; United States
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| 英文摘要: | Though an outstanding achievement for their time, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) topographic maps of the eastern Alaskan Arctic nonetheless contain significant errors, and in this paper we address one of them. Specifically, USGS maps of different scale made in the late 1950s alternate between Mt. Chamberlin and Mt. Isto as the tallest peak in the US Arctic. Given that many of the peaks here are close in height and covered with glaciers, recent climate change may also have changed their height and their order. We resolved these questions using fodar, a new airborne photogrammetric technique that utilizes structurefrom- motion (SfM) software and requires no ground control, and validated it using GPS measurements on the peaks as well as airborne lidar. Here we show that Mt. Chamberlin is currently the third tallest peak and that the order and elevations of the five tallest mountains in the US Arctic are Mt. Isto (2735.6 m), Mt. Hubley (2717.6 m), Mt. Chamberlin (2712.3 m), Mt. Michelson (2698.1 m), and an unnamed peak (2694.9 m); these heights are relative to the NAVD88 GEOID12A vertical datum. We find that it is indeed plausible that this ranking has changed over time and may continue to change as summit glaciers continue to shrink, though Mt. Isto will remain the highest under current climate trends. Mt. Isto is also over 100m taller than the highest peak in Arctic Canada, making it the highest peak in the North American Arctic. Fodar elevations compared to within a few centimeters of our ground-based GPS measurements of the peaks made a few days later and our complete validation assessment indicates a measurement uncertainty of better than -20 cm (95% RMSE). By analyzing time series of fodar maps, we were able to detect topographic change on the centimeter level on these steep slopes, indicating that fodar can be used to measure mountain snow packs for water resource availability or avalanche danger, glacier volume change, and slope subsidence, as well as many other applications of benefit to society. Compared to lidar, the current state-of-the-art airborne topographic mapping, we found this SfM technique as accurate, more useful scientifically, and significantly less expensive, suggesting that fodar is a disruptive innovation that will enjoy widespread usage in the future. © Author(s) 2016. |
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| 资源类型: | 期刊论文
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/75126
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| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
气候变化与战略
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作者单位: | Institute of Northern Engineering, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United States; North Face, Teton Village, Wyoming, United States
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Nolan M,, DesLauriers K. Which are the highest peaks in the US Arctic? Fodar settles the debate[J]. Cryosphere,2016-01-01,10(3)
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