DOI: 10.5194/tc-9-2357-2015
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84951194810
论文题名: Measurements and modelling of snow particle size and shortwave infrared albedo over a melting Antarctic ice sheet
作者: Pirazzini R ; , Räisänen P ; , Vihma T ; , Johansson M
刊名: Cryosphere
ISSN: 19940416
出版年: 2015
卷: 9, 期: 6 起始页码: 2357
结束页码: 2381
语种: 英语
英文关键词: albedo
; ice sheet
; particle size
; radiative transfer
; shortwave radiation
; snowpack
; surface roughness
; wavelength
; Antarctica
英文摘要: The albedo of a snowpack depends on the single-scattering properties of individual snow crystals, which have a variety of shapes and sizes, and are often bounded in clusters. From the point of view of optical modelling, it is essential to identify the geometric dimensions of the population of snow particles that synthesize the scattering properties of the snowpack surface. This involves challenges related to the complexity of modelling the radiative transfer in such an irregular medium, and to the difficulty of measuring microphysical snow properties. In this paper, we illustrate a method to measure the size distribution of a snow particle parameter, which roughly corresponds to the smallest snow particle dimension, from two-dimensional macro photos of snow particles taken in Antarctica at the surface layer of a melting ice sheet. We demonstrate that this snow particle metric corresponds well to the optically equivalent effective radius utilized in radiative transfer modelling, in particular when snow particles are modelled with the droxtal shape. The surface albedo modelled on the basis of the measured snow particle metric showed an excellent match with the observed albedo when there was fresh or drifted snow at the surface. In the other cases, a good match was present only for wavelengths longer than 1.4 1/4m. For shorter wavelengths, our modelled albedo generally overestimated the observations, in particular when surface hoar and faceted polycrystals were present at the surface and surface roughness was increased by millimetre-scale cavities generated during melting. Our results indicate that more than just one particle metric distribution is needed to characterize the snow scattering properties at all optical wavelengths, and suggest an impact of millimetre-scale surface roughness on the shortwave infrared albedo. © Author(s) 2015. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/75211
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Recommended Citation:
Pirazzini R,, Räisänen P,, Vihma T,et al. Measurements and modelling of snow particle size and shortwave infrared albedo over a melting Antarctic ice sheet[J]. Cryosphere,2015-01-01,9(6)