DOI: 10.1002/2016MS000717
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85007042337
论文题名: Improving the lake scheme within a coupled WRF-lake model in the Laurentian Great Lakes
作者: Xiao C ; , Lofgren B ; M ; , Wang J ; , Chu P ; Y
刊名: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
ISSN: 19422466
出版年: 2016
卷: 8, 期: 4 起始页码: 1969
结束页码: 1985
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Atmospheric temperature
; Convolution
; Ice
; Snow
; Solar radiation
; Thermodynamics
; Weather forecasting
; Great lakes
; Lake model
; Lake surface temperature
; Laurentian Great Lakes
; Seasonal variability
; Snow accumulation
; Vertical diffusivity
; Weather research and forecasting models
; Lakes
; climate modeling
; cooling
; diffusion
; diffusivity
; ice core
; lacustrine environment
; numerical model
; one-dimensional modeling
; seasonal variation
; snow accumulation
; snow cover
; surface temperature
; thermodynamics
; zenith angle
; Great Lakes [North America]
英文摘要: In this study, a one-dimensional (1-D) thermal diffusion lake model within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was investigated for the Laurentian Great Lakes. In the default 10-layer lake model, the albedos of water and ice are specified with constant values, 0.08 and 0.6, respectively, ignoring shortwave partitioning and zenith angle, ice melting, and snow effect. Some modifications, including a dynamic lake surface albedo, tuned vertical diffusivities, and a sophisticated treatment of snow cover over lake ice, have been added to the lake model. A set of comparison experiments have been carried out to evaluate the performances of different lake schemes in the coupled WRF-lake modeling system. Results show that the 1-D lake model is able to capture the seasonal variability of lake surface temperature (LST) and lake ice coverage (LIC). However, it produces an early warming and quick cooling of LST in deep lakes, and excessive and early persistent LIC in all lakes. Increasing vertical diffusivity can reduce the bias in the 1-D lake but only in a limited way. After incorporating a sophisticated treatment of lake surface albedo, the new lake model produces a more reasonable LST and LIC than the default lake model, indicating that the processes of ice melting and snow accumulation are important to simulate lake ice in the Great Lakes. Even though substantial efforts have been devoted to improving the 1-D lake model, it still remains considerably challenging to adequately capture the full dynamics and thermodynamics in deep lakes. © 2016. The Authors. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/75861
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
Recommended Citation:
Xiao C,, Lofgren B,M,et al. Improving the lake scheme within a coupled WRF-lake model in the Laurentian Great Lakes[J]. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems,2016-01-01,8(4)