DOI: 10.1002/wcc.486
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85038418880
论文题名: Climate change, carbon market instruments, and biodiversity: focusing on synergies and avoiding pitfalls
作者: Essl F ; , Erb K ; -H ; , Glatzel S ; , Pauchard A
刊名: Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change
ISSN: 17577780
出版年: 2018
卷: 9, 期: 1 语种: 英语
英文关键词: Biodiversity
; Biospherics
; Commerce
; Conservation
; Costs
; Ecology
; Economic and social effects
; Emission control
; Gas emissions
; Gases
; Greenhouse gases
; Land use
; Biodiversity conservation
; Climate change mitigation
; Conservation strategies
; Dangerous climate changes
; Emission reduction
; Global climate changes
; Indirect land-use changes
; Terrestrial biosphere
; Climate change
; biodiversity
; carbon emission
; climate change
; conservation management
; emission inventory
; emissions trading
; environmental economics
; environmental policy
; greenhouse gas
; policy analysis
; policy approach
英文摘要: Fundamental economic and societal transformations are necessary to avoid dangerous climate change. One broad policy approach that addresses the close relationship between conservation and climate change mitigation is based on correcting a market failure, that is, to establish a price signal for carbon, or more generally, greenhouse gas emissions. While many synergies between climate policy instruments and biodiversity conservation do exist, current policies often fall short of harvesting this potential. Here, we present six key challenges: (1) establishing a strong price signal for greenhouse gas emissions from all emission sources (including land-use and the terrestrial biosphere) that takes into account long-term societal and ecological costs; (2) expand carbon market instruments to cover the full range of greenhouse gases; (3) develop an ambitious, yet accountable architecture for rising emission prices; (4) develop guidelines and ensure enforcement to avoid greenhouse gas leakage; (5) improve greenhouse gas emission measurements from land-use and the biosphere; and (6) integrate emission reduction as a priority into relevant policies. Substantial synergies, but also trade-offs between climate policy and conservation exist, and we identify key risks and challenges. We call for (1) evidence-based evaluations of policy options; (2) avoiding too narrow framings of contested issues such as forest plantations, biofuels, or land-use decisions that exclude (or downplay) indirect effects (e.g., indirect land-use changes or creating carbon debts); and (3) strengthening integrated analyzes beyond sector policy goals. We conclude that avoiding bio-perverse impacts of climate policies on biodiversity will be crucial for the success of global climate change mitigation. WIREs Clim Change 2018, 9:e486. doi: 10.1002/wcc.486. This article is categorized under: Climate, Ecology, and Conservation > Conservation Strategies. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/76138
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候变化与战略
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作者单位: Division of Conservation, Vegetation and Landscape Ecology, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Social Ecology, Alpen-Adria-Universitaet Klagenfurt, Vienna, Austria; Department of Geography and Regional Research, Geoecology, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Santiago, Chile
Recommended Citation:
Essl F,, Erb K,-H,et al. Climate change, carbon market instruments, and biodiversity: focusing on synergies and avoiding pitfalls[J]. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change,2018-01-01,9(1)