DOI: 10.1002/2015GB005183
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84960426508
论文题名: Decadal variability in the oxygen inventory of North Atlantic subtropical underwater captured by sustained, long-term oceanographic time series observations
作者: Montes E ; , Muller-Karger F ; E ; , Cianca A ; , Lomas M ; W ; , Lorenzoni L ; , Habtes S
刊名: Global Biogeochemical Cycles
ISSN: 8866236
出版年: 2016
卷: 30, 期: 3 起始页码: 460
结束页码: 478
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
; biogeochemical time series stations
; climate change
; dissolved oxygen
; North Atlantic salinity maximum
; subtropical underwater
Scopus关键词: Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
; biogeochemical cycle
; biological oceanography
; climate change
; decadal variation
; deep water ventilation
; dissolved oxygen
; potential temperature
; subtropical region
; time series analysis
; trade wind
; underwater environment
; Atlantic Ocean
; Bermuda
; Canary Islands
; Caribbean Sea
; Spain
英文摘要: Historical observations of potential temperature (θ), salinity (S), and dissolved oxygen concentrations (O2) in the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic (0-500 m; 0-40°N, 10-90°W) were examined to understand decadal-scale changes in O2 in subtropical underwater (STUW). STUW is observed at four of the longest, sustained ocean biogeochemical and ecological time series stations, namely, the CArbon Retention In A Colored Ocean (CARIACO) Ocean Time Series Program (10.5°N, 64.7°W), the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS; 31.7°N, 64.2°W), Hydrostation "S" (32.1°N, 64.4°W), and the European Station for Time-series in the Ocean, Canary Islands (ESTOC; 29.2°N, 15.5°W). Observations over similar time periods at CARIACO (1996-2013), BATS (1988-2011), and Hydrostation S (1980-2013) show that STUW O2 has decreased approximately 0.71, 0.28, and 0.37 μmol kg-1 yr-1, respectively. No apparent change in STUW O2 was observed at ESTOC over the course of the time series (1994-2013). Ship observation data for the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic archived at NOAA National Oceanographic Data Center show that between 1980 and 2013, STUW O2 (upper ~300 m) declined 0.58 μmol kg-1 yr-1 in the southeastern Caribbean Sea (10-15°N, 60-70°W) and 0.68 μmol kg-1 yr-1 in the western subtropical North Atlantic (30-35°N, 60-65°W). A declining O2 trend was not observed in the eastern subtropical North Atlantic (25-30°N, 15-20°W) over the same period. Most of the observed O2 loss seems to result from shifts in ventilation associated with decreased wind-driven mixing and a slowing down of STUW formation rates, rather than changes in diffusive air-sea O2 gas exchange or changes in the biological oceanography of the North Atlantic. Variability of STUW O2 showed a significant relationship with the wintertime (January-March) Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index (AMO, R2 = 0.32). During negative wintertime AMO years trade winds are typically stronger between 10°N and 30°N. These conditions stimulate the formation and ventilation of STUW. The decreasing trend in STUW O2 in the three decades spanning 1980 through 2013 reflects the shift from a strongly negative wintertime AMO between the mid-1980s and mid-1990s to a positive wintertime AMO observed between the mid-1990s and 2013. These changes in STUW O2 were captured by the CARIACO, BATS, and Hydrostation S time series stations. Sustained positive AMO conditions could lead to further deoxygenation in tropical and subtropical North Atlantic upper waters. ©2016. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/77869
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, United States; Instituto Canario de Ciencias Marinas, Gobierno de Canarias, Telde, Spain; Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Boothbay Harbor, ME, United States; Center for Marine and Environmental Studies, University of the Virgin Islands, St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, United States
Recommended Citation:
Montes E,, Muller-Karger F,E,et al. Decadal variability in the oxygen inventory of North Atlantic subtropical underwater captured by sustained, long-term oceanographic time series observations[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,2016-01-01,30(3)