DOI: 10.5194/hess-20-3043-2016
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84980367791
论文题名: Application of tritium in precipitation and baseflow in Japan: A case study of groundwater transit times and storage in Hokkaido watersheds
作者: Gusyev M ; A ; , Morgenstern U ; , Stewart M ; K ; , Yamazaki Y ; , Kashiwaya K ; , Nishihara T ; , Kuribayashi D ; , Sawano H ; , Iwami Y
刊名: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
ISSN: 10275606
出版年: 2016
卷: 20, 期: 7 起始页码: 3043
结束页码: 3058
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Catchments
; Digital storage
; Groundwater
; Pistons
; Rivers
; Runoff
; Sea level
; Tritium
; Water conservation
; Water resources
; Watersheds
; Groundwater storage
; Headwater catchment
; Hydrogeological settings
; Numerical model simulations
; River water samples
; Tritium concentration
; Tritium measurements
; Water resources management
; Groundwater resources
; baseflow
; concentration (composition)
; estimation method
; groundwater
; headwater
; isotopic analysis
; numerical model
; precipitation (chemistry)
; Quaternary
; river water
; transient flow
; tritium
; vine
; water storage
; watershed
; Hokkaido
; Honshu
; Japan
; Kanto
; Sapporo
; Tokyo [Kanto]
英文摘要: In this study, we demonstrate the application of tritium in precipitation and baseflow to estimate groundwater transit times and storage volumes in Hokkaido, Japan. To establish the long-term history of tritium concentration in Japanese precipitation, we used tritium data from the global network of isotopes in precipitation and from local studies in Japan. The record developed for Tokyo area precipitation was scaled for Hokkaido using tritium values for precipitation based on wine grown at Hokkaido. Then, tritium concentrations measured with high accuracy in river water from Hokkaido, Japan, were compared to this scaled precipitation record and used to estimate groundwater mean transit times (MTTs). A total of 16 river water samples in Hokkaido were collected in June, July, and October 2014 at 12 locations with altitudes between 22 and 831 m above sea level and catchment areas between 14 and 377 km2. Measured tritium concentrations were between 4.07 (± 0.07) TU and 5.29 (± 0.09) TU in June, 5.06 (± 0.09) TU in July, and between 3.75 (± 0.07) TU and 4.85 (± 0.07) TU in October. We utilised TracerLPM (Jurgens et al., 2012) for MTT estimation and introduced a Visual Basic module to automatically simulate tritium concentrations and relative errors for selected ranges of MTTs, exponential-piston ratios, and scaling factors of tritium input. Using the exponential (70 %) piston flow (30 %) model (E70 %PM), we simulated unique MTTs for seven river samples collected in six Hokkaido headwater catchments because their low tritium concentrations were no longer ambiguous. These river catchments are clustered in similar hydrogeological settings of Quaternary lava as well as Tertiary propylite formations near Sapporo city. However, nine river samples from six other catchments produced up to three possible MTT values with E70 % PM due to the interference by the tritium from the atmospheric hydrogen bomb testing 5-6 decades ago. For these catchments, we show that tritium in Japanese groundwater will reach natural levels in a decade, when one tritium measurement will be sufficient to estimate a unique MTT. Using a series of tritium measurements over the next few years with 3-year intervals will enable us to estimate the correct MTT without ambiguity in this period. These unique MTTs will allow estimation of groundwater storage volumes for water resources management during droughts and improvement of numerical model simulations. For example, the groundwater storage ranges between 0.013 and 5.07 km3 with saturated water thickness from 0.2 and 24 m. In summary, we emphasise three important points from our findings: (1) one tritium measurement is already sufficient to estimate MTTs for some Japanese catchments, (2) the hydrogeological settings control the tritium transit times of subsurface groundwater storage during baseflow, and (3) in the future, one tritium measurement will be sufficient to estimate MTTs in most Japanese watersheds. © Author(s) 2016. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/78775
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM), Public Works Research Institute (PWRI), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; GNS Science, Avalon, Lower Hutt, New Zealand; Aquifer Dynamics and GNS Science, P.O. Box 30368, Lower Hutt, New Zealand; Civil Engineering Research Institute for Cold Region (CERI), PWRI, Sapporo, Japan
Recommended Citation:
Gusyev M,A,, Morgenstern U,et al. Application of tritium in precipitation and baseflow in Japan: A case study of groundwater transit times and storage in Hokkaido watersheds[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2016-01-01,20(7)