DOI: 10.5194/hess-22-1017-2018
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85041478946
论文题名: Climate change alters low flows in Europe under global warming of 1.5, 2, and 3°C
作者: Marx A ; , Kumar R ; , Thober S ; , Rakovec O ; , Wanders N ; , Zink M ; , Wood E ; F ; , Pan M ; , Sheffield J ; , Samaniego L
刊名: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
ISSN: 10275606
出版年: 2018
卷: 22, 期: 2 起始页码: 1017
结束页码: 1032
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Climate models
; Global warming
; Signal to noise ratio
; Snow
; Soil moisture
; Stream flow
; Uncertainty analysis
; Annual precipitation
; Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
; General circulation model
; High-resolution models
; Hydrological simulations
; Interannual variability
; Uncertainty contributions
; Uncertainty informations
; Climate change
英文摘要: There is growing evidence that climate change will alter water availability in Europe. Here, we investigate how hydrological low flows are affected under different levels of future global warming (i.e. 1.5, 2, and 3K with respect to the pre-industrial period) in rivers with a contributing area of more than 1000km2. The analysis is based on a multi-model ensemble of 45 hydrological simulations based on three representative concentration pathways (RCP2.6, RCP6.0, RCP8.5), five Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) general circulation models (GCMs: GFDL-ESM2M, HadGEM2-ES, IPSL-CM5A-LR, MIROC-ESM-CHEM, NorESM1-M) and three state-of-the-art hydrological models (HMs: mHM, Noah-MP, and PCR-GLOBWB). High-resolution model results are available at a spatial resolution of 5km across the pan-European domain at a daily temporal resolution. Low river flow is described as the percentile of daily streamflow that is exceeded 90% of the time. It is determined separately for each GCM/HM combination and warming scenario. The results show that the low-flow change signal amplifies with increasing warming levels. Low flows decrease in the Mediterranean region, while they increase in the Alpine and Northern regions. In the Mediterranean, the level of warming amplifies the signal from -12% under 1.5K, compared to the baseline period 1971-2000, to -35% under global warming of 3K, largely due to the projected decreases in annual precipitation. In contrast, the signal is amplified from +22 (1.5K) to +45% (3K) in the Alpine region due to changes in snow accumulation. The changes in low flows are significant for regions with relatively large change signals and under higher levels of warming. However, it is not possible to distinguish climate-induced differences in low flows between 1.5 and 2K warming because of (1) the large inter-annual variability which prevents distinguishing statistical estimates of period-averaged changes for a given GCM/HM combination, and (2) the uncertainty in the multi-model ensemble expressed by the signal-to-noise ratio. The contribution by the GCMs to the uncertainty in the model results is generally higher than the one by the HMs. However, the uncertainty due to HMs cannot be neglected. In the Alpine, Northern, and Mediterranean regions, the uncertainty contribution by the HMs is partly higher than those by the GCMs due to different representations of processes such as snow, soil moisture and evapotranspiration. Based on the analysis results, it is recommended (1) to use multiple HMs in climate impact studies and (2) to embrace uncertainty information on the multi-model ensemble as well as its single members in the adaptation process. © 2018 Author(s). Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/79407
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Computational Hydrosystems, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, University Utrecht, Netherlands; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States; Geography and Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Recommended Citation:
Marx A,, Kumar R,, Thober S,et al. Climate change alters low flows in Europe under global warming of 1.5, 2, and 3°C[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2018-01-01,22(2)