DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.11.025
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84890316493
论文题名: Detailed diesel exhaust characteristics including particle surface area and lung deposited dose for better understanding of health effects in human chamber exposure studies
作者: Wierzbicka A ; , Nilsson P ; T ; , Rissler J ; , Sallsten G ; , Xu Y ; , Pagels J ; H ; , Albin M ; , Österberg K ; , Strandberg B ; , Eriksson A ; , Bohgard M ; , Bergemalm-Rynell K ; , Gudmundsson A
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2014
卷: 86 起始页码: 212
结束页码: 219
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Diesel exhaust characteristics
; Human laboratory exposure
; Lung deposited dose
; Particle surface area
Scopus关键词: Agglomerated structures
; Deposited dose
; Diesel exhausts
; Gas-phase measurement
; Human laboratory exposure
; Occupational Exposure Limits
; Particle surface area
; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS)
; Aldehydes
; Benzene
; Biological organs
; Carbon dioxide
; Gases
; Health
; Toluene
; Volatile organic compounds
; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
; volatile organic compound
; aldehyde
; carcinogen
; chemical composition
; diesel engine
; dose-response relationship
; exhaust emission
; greenhouse gas
; health impact
; PAH
; particulate matter
; pollution exposure
; respiration
; surface area
; article
; chemical composition
; dilution
; environmental exposure
; exhaust gas
; eye irritation
; health hazard
; lung deposit
; nose irritation
; particle size
; priority journal
; throat irritation
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: Several diesel exhaust (DE) characteristics, comprising both particle and gas phase, recognized as important when linking with health effects, are not reported in human chamber exposure studies. In order to understand effects of DE on humans there is a need for better characterization of DE when performing exposure studies. The aim of this study was to determine and quantify detailed DE characteristics during human chamber exposure. Additionally to compare to reported DE properties in conducted human exposures. A wide battery of particle and gas phase measurement techniques have been used to provide detailed DE characteristics including the DE particles (DEP) surface area, fraction and dose deposited in the lungs, chemical composition of both particle and gas phase such as NO, NO2, CO, CO2, volatile organic compounds (including aldehydes, benzene, toluene) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Eyes, nose and throat irritation effects were determined. Exposure conditions with PM1 (<1μm) mass concentration 280μgm-3, number concentration 4×105cm-3 and elemental to total carbon fraction of 82% were generated from a diesel vehicle at idling. When estimating the lung deposited dose it was found that using the size dependent effective density (in contrast to assuming unity density) reduced the estimated respiratory dose by 132% by mass. Accounting for agglomerated structure of DEP prevented underestimation of lung deposited dose by surface area by 37% in comparison to assuming spherical particles. Comparison of DE characteristics reported in conducted chamber exposures showed that DE properties vary to a great extent under the same DEP mass concentration and engine load. This highlights the need for detailed and standardized approach for measuring and reporting of DE properties. Eyes irritation effects, most probably caused by aldehydes in the gas phase, as well as nose irritation were observed at exposure levels below current occupational exposure limit values given for exhaust fumes. Reporting detailed DE characteristics that include DEP properties (such as mass and number concentration, size resolved information, surface area, chemical composition, lung deposited dose by number, mass and surface) and detailed gas phase including components known for their carcinogenic and irritation effect (e.g. aldehydes, benzene, PAHs) can help in determination of key parameters responsible for observed health effects and comparison of chamber exposure studies. © 2013 The Authors. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/80791
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 414, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE 221-85 Lund, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Lund University, Box 213, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; Division of Nuclear Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
Recommended Citation:
Wierzbicka A,, Nilsson P,T,et al. Detailed diesel exhaust characteristics including particle surface area and lung deposited dose for better understanding of health effects in human chamber exposure studies[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2014-01-01,86