DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.07.045
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84901749754
论文题名: Estimating North American background ozone in U.S. surface air with two independent global models: Variability, uncertainties, and recommendations
作者: Fiore A ; M ; , Oberman J ; T ; , Lin M ; Y ; , Zhang L ; , Clifton O ; E ; , Jacob D ; J ; , Naik V ; , Horowitz L ; W ; , Pinto J ; P ; , Milly G ; P
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2014
卷: 96 起始页码: 284
结束页码: 300
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Air pollution
; Air quality
; Background ozone
; Exceptional events
; Surface ozone
Scopus关键词: Air pollution
; Air quality
; Atmospheric chemistry
; Computer simulation
; Ozone
; Troposphere
; Anthropogenic emissions
; Background ozones
; Chemistry transport model
; Exceptional events
; Multi-Model Simulations
; Photochemical production
; Stratosphere-to-troposphere transports
; Surface ozone
; Uncertainty analysis
; isoprene
; ozone
; acculturation
; anthropogenic source
; environmental monitoring
; global climate
; national planning
; ozone
; site investigation
; uncertainty analysis
; air quality
; altitude
; anthropology
; article
; lightning
; North America
; priority journal
; season
; simulation
; spring
; stratosphere
; summer
; surface property
; troposphere
; United States
; North America
; United States
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: Accurate estimates for North American background (NAB) ozone (O3) in surface air over the United States are needed for setting and implementing an attainable national O3 standard. These estimates rely on simulations with atmospheric chemistry-transport models that set North American anthropogenic emissions to zero, and to date have relied heavily on one global model. We examine NAB estimates for spring and summer 2006 with two independent global models (GEOS-Chem and GFDL AM3). We evaluate the base simulations, which include North American anthropogenic emissions, with mid-tropospheric O3 retrieved from space and ground-level O3 measurements. The models often bracket the observed values, implying value in developing a multi-model approach to estimate NAB O3. Consistent with earlier studies, the models robustly simulate the largest nation-wide NAB levels at high-altitude western U.S. sites (seasonal average maximum daily 8-hvalues of ~40-50ppb in spring and ~25-40ppb in summer) where it correlates with observed O3. At these sites, a 27-year GFDL AM3 simulation simulates observed O3 events above 60ppb and indicates that year-to-year variations in NAB O3 influence their annual frequency (with NAB contributing 50-60ppb or more during individual events). During summer over the eastern United States (EUS), when photochemical production from regional anthropogenic emissions peaks, NAB is largely uncorrelated with observed values and it is lower than at high-altitude sites (average values of ~20-30ppb). Four processes contribute substantially to model differences in specific regions and seasons: lightning NOx, biogenic isoprene emissions and chemistry, wildfires, and stratosphere-to-troposphere transport. Differences in the representations of these processes within the GFDL AM3 and GEOS-Chem models contribute more to uncertainty in NAB estimates, particularly in spring when NAB is highest, than the choice of horizontal resolution within a single model (GEOS-Chem). We propose that future efforts seek to constrain these processes with targeted analysis of multi-model simulations evaluated with observations of O3 and related species from multiple platforms, and thereby reduce the error on NAB estimates needed for air quality planning.© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/80849
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964, United States; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY, United States; Nelson Institute Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment (SAGE), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States; NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory and Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Princeton University, 201 Forrestal Road, Princeton, NJ, United States; School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, United States; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies, School of Physics, Peking University, China; UCAR/NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, United States; U.S. EPA, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
Recommended Citation:
Fiore A,M,, Oberman J,et al. Estimating North American background ozone in U.S. surface air with two independent global models: Variability, uncertainties, and recommendations[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2014-01-01,96