DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.03.058
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84897944453
论文题名: Seasonal ambient ammonia and ammonium concentrations in a pilot IMPROVE NHx monitoring network in the western United States
作者: Chen X ; , Day D ; , Schichtel B ; , Malm W ; , Matzoll A ; K ; , Mojica J ; , McDade C ; E ; , Hardison E ; D ; , Hardison D ; L ; , Walters S ; , Van De Water M ; , Collett J ; L
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2014
卷: 91 起始页码: 118
结束页码: 126
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Ammonia
; Ammonium
; IMPROVE
; Methylamine
; NHx
Scopus关键词: Acetal resins
; Agriculture
; Ammonia
; Phosphorus
; Ammonium
; Ammonium concentrations
; Fine particulate matter
; IMPROVE
; Interagency monitoring of protected visual environments
; Methylamine
; NHx
; Rocky Mountain National Park
; Polypropylenes
; ammonia
; cellulose
; formaldehyde
; methylamine
; phosphorous acid
; polypropylene
; agricultural emission
; alkene
; ammonia
; ammonium
; atmospheric deposition
; atmospheric pollution
; biodegradation
; concentration (composition)
; filtration
; monitoring
; organic acid
; particulate matter
; pollutant source
; seasonal variation
; article
; boundary layer
; community program
; environmental management
; environmental monitoring
; Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environment
; limit of detection
; measurement precision
; particulate matter
; pilot study
; priority journal
; seasonal variation
; United States
; United States
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: Ammonia and ammonium are important atmospheric trace constituents that affect particulate matter concentrations and contribute to reactive nitrogen deposition. We refer to and measure the sum of ammonia and ammonium as NHx. To better understand concentrations of NHx in remote areas, the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) fine particulate matter (<2.5μm) sampler was modified to measure NHx at a subset of locations in the routine IMPROVE network. To sample NHx, an additional IMPROVE PM2.5 sampler was installed. Samples were collected on phosphorous acid impregnated cellulose filters held in polypropylene filter holders. While the standard IMPROVE filter holder is made of Delrin (polyoxymethylene, POM), reactions between collected NHx and formaldehyde released by phosphorous acid degradation of the POM holder produced substantial amounts of artifact methylamine, especially during warm sampling periods. This artifact did not occur with the new polypropylene holder design, and no methylamine was measured above the method detection limit of 0.003μg/m3. Samples collected using the new IMPROVE NHx sampling system were evaluated against samples collected with a collocated URG annular denuder/filter-pack module for 6 weeks; the observed bias was-7%. The NHx monitors were deployed at a total of nine sites in the U.S. Rocky Mountain and Great Plains regions and to the east, and at Bondville, Illinois, from April 2011 to August 2012. Collocated samplers at Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, and Bondville, Illinois, demonstrated excellent measurement precision. The data revealed a pattern of increasing NHx concentrations in late spring/early summer (June) and a decrease in winter, starting in September for most of the sites. This pattern is consistent with expected seasonal patterns in agricultural emissions of ammonia. Sites closer to agricultural sources at Bondville and Cedar Bluff (Kansas), however, still exhibit quite abundant winter NHx, which may reflect continued local agricultural emissions trapped within a shallower winter boundary layer. A probable impact of wildfires on NHx concentrations was observed for Bandelier NM, Chiricahua NM, and Yellowstone NP during summer/fall 2011. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/81095
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Atmospheric Science Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States; NPS/CIRA, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States; Crocker Nuclear Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Environmental Chemistry Department, RTI International RTP, NC 27709, United States; National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States; Division of Air Quality, North Carolina Department of Environmental and Natural Resources, Raleigh, NC 27699, United States
Recommended Citation:
Chen X,, Day D,, Schichtel B,et al. Seasonal ambient ammonia and ammonium concentrations in a pilot IMPROVE NHx monitoring network in the western United States[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2014-01-01,91