DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.10.063
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84888880494
论文题名: Spatial variation in particulate matter components over a large urban area
作者: Fruin S ; , Urman R ; , Lurmann F ; , McConnell R ; , Gauderman J ; , Rappaport E ; , Franklin M ; , Gilliland F ; D ; , Shafer M ; , Gorski P ; , Avol E
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2014
卷: 83 起始页码: 211
结束页码: 219
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Air pollution
; Particulate matter
; Spatial variability
; Traffic emissions
Scopus关键词: Air pollution
; Particles (particulate matter)
; Mean and standard deviations
; Monitoring stations
; Particulate Matter
; Size-resolved particles
; Spatial variability
; Traffic emissions
; Traffic-related pollutants
; Water-soluble organic carbon
; Water pollution
; carbon
; organic carbon
; particle size
; particulate matter
; pattern recognition
; pollution exposure
; sampling
; seasonal variation
; spatial variation
; urban area
; air monitoring
; article
; atmospheric dispersion
; community
; exhaust gas
; particulate matter
; priority journal
; season
; United States
; urban area
; California
; United States
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: To characterize exposures to particulate matter (PM) and its components, we performed a large sampling study of small-scale spatial variation in size-resolved particle mass and composition. PM was collected in size ranges of <0.2, 0.2-to-2.5, and 2.5-to-10μm on a scale of 100s to 1000s of meters to capture local sources. Within each of eight Southern California communities, up to 29 locations were sampled for rotating, month-long integrated periods at two different times of the year, six months apart, from Nov 2008 through Dec 2009. Additional sampling was conducted at each community's regional monitoring station to provide temporal coverage over the sampling campaign duration. Residential sampling locations were selected based on a novel design stratified by high- and low-predicted traffic emissions and locations over- and under-predicted from previous dispersion model and sampling comparisons. Primary vehicle emissions constituents, such as elemental carbon (EC), showed much stronger patterns of association with traffic than pollutants with significant secondary formation, such as PM2.5 or water soluble organic carbon. Associations were also stronger during cooler times of the year (Oct through Mar). Primary pollutants also showed greater within-community spatial variation compared to pollutants with secondary formation contributions. For example, the average cool-season community mean and standard deviation (SD) for EC were 1.1 and 0.17μgm-3, respectively, giving a coefficient of variation (CV) of 18%. For PM2.5, average mean and SD were 14 and 1.3μgm-3, respectively, with a CV of 9%. We conclude that within-community spatial differences are important for accurate exposure assessment of traffic-related pollutants. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/81111
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Keck School of Medicine, Division of Environmental Health, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States; Sonoma Technology Inc., #C, Petaluma, CA 94954, United States; Keck School of Medicine, Biostatistics Division, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States; Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Environmental Health Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
Recommended Citation:
Fruin S,, Urman R,, Lurmann F,et al. Spatial variation in particulate matter components over a large urban area[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2014-01-01,83