DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.07.040
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84938880433
论文题名: Mobile assessment of on-road air pollution and its sources along the East-West Highway in Bhutan
作者: Wangchuk T ; , Knibbs L ; D ; , He C ; , Morawska L
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2015
卷: 118 起始页码: 98
结束页码: 106
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Bhutan
; CO
; On-road
; Particle number
; PM10
Scopus关键词: Air quality
; Amphibious vehicles
; Cobalt
; Combustion
; Crashworthiness
; Developing countries
; Particle size
; Pollution
; Roads and streets
; Vehicles
; Bhutan
; Combustion activity
; Developed countries
; Dispersion patterns
; On-road
; Particle numbers
; Particle size ranges
; Pollutant concentration
; Transportation
; air quality
; assessment method
; atmospheric pollution
; carbon monoxide
; concentration (composition)
; developing world
; emission
; health risk
; particulate matter
; pollutant source
; pollution monitoring
; air pollution
; air quality
; Article
; Bhutan
; combustion
; concentration (parameters)
; environment
; environmental monitoring
; environmental parameters
; exhaust gas
; highway
; mobile platform method
; on road air quality
; particle number
; particulate matter
; pollutant concentration
; priority journal
; road work
; roadside combustion
; unpaved road
; Bhutan
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: Human exposures in transportation microenvironments are poorly represented by ambient stationary monitoring. A number of on-road studies using vehicle-based mobile monitoring have been conducted to address this. Most previous studies were conducted on urban roads in developed countries where the primary emission source was vehicles. Few studies have examined on-road pollution in developing countries in urban settings. Currently, no study has been conducted for roadways in rural environments where a substantial proportion of the population live. This study aimed to characterize on-road air quality on the East-West Highway (EWH) in Bhutan and identify its principal sources. We conducted six mobile measurements of PM10, particle number (PN) count and CO along the entire 570 km length of the EWH. We divided the EWH into five segments, R1-R5, taking the road length between two district towns as a single road segment. The pollutant concentrations varied widely along the different road segments, with the highest concentrations for R5 compared with other road segments (PM10 = 149 μg/m3, PN = 5.74 × 104 particles/cm-3, CO = 0.19 ppm), which is the final segment of the road to the capital. Apart from vehicle emissions, the dominant sources were road works, unpaved roads and roadside combustion activities. Overall, the highest contributions above the background levels were made by unpaved roads for PM10 (6 times background), and vehicle emissions for PN and CO (5 and 15 times background, respectively). Notwithstanding the differences in instrumentation used and particle size range measured, the current study showed lower PN concentrations compared with similar on-road studies. However, concentrations were still high enough that commuters, road maintenance workers and residents living along the EWH, were potentially exposed to elevated pollutant concentrations from combustion and non-combustion sources. Future studies should focus on assessing the dispersion patterns of roadway pollutants and defining the short- and long-term health impacts of exposure in Bhutan, as well as in other developing countries with similar characteristics. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/81541
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Environmental Science, Sherubtse College, Royal University of Bhutan, Bhutan; School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
Recommended Citation:
Wangchuk T,, Knibbs L,D,et al. Mobile assessment of on-road air pollution and its sources along the East-West Highway in Bhutan[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2015-01-01,118