DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.07.004
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84937432053
论文题名: Dynamics of ozone and nitrogen oxides at Summit, Greenland. II. Simulating snowpack chemistry during a spring high ozone event with a 1-D process-scale model
作者: Murray K ; A ; , Kramer L ; J ; , Doskey P ; V ; , Ganzeveld L ; , Seok B ; , Van Dam B ; , Helmig D
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2015
卷: 117 起始页码: 110
结束页码: 123
语种: 英语
英文关键词: 1-D process-scale model
; Greenland
; Nitric oxide
; Nitrogen dioxide
; NOx
; Ozone
; Snowpack chemistry
; Summit
Scopus关键词: Atmospheric chemistry
; Chemical analysis
; Decomposition
; Mixing
; Nitric oxide
; Nitrogen
; Nitrogen oxides
; Ozone
; Photolysis
; Snow
; Greenland
; Nitrogen dioxides
; Scale modeling
; Snowpack chemistry
; Summit
; Ozone layer
; nitrate
; nitric acid derivative
; nitrogen dioxide
; nitrogen oxide
; ozone
; peroxynitric acid
; snow
; unclassified drug
; concentration (composition)
; formic acid
; interstitial environment
; mixing ratio
; nitrogen dioxide
; nitrogen oxides
; ozone
; photolysis
; simulation
; snowpack
; Article
; atmosphere
; Greenland
; photolysis
; priority journal
; spring
; Arctic
; Greenland
; Summit
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: Observed depth profiles of nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), and ozone (O3 ) in snowpack interstitial air at Summit, Greenland were best replicated by a 1-D process-scale model, which included (1) geometrical representation of snow grains as spheres, (2) aqueous-phase chemistry confined to a quasi-liquid layer (QLL) on the surface of snow grains, and (3) initialization of the species concentrations in the QLL through equilibrium partitioning with mixing ratios in snowpack interstitial air. A comprehensive suite of measurements in and above snowpack during a high O3 event facilitated analysis of the relationship between the chemistry of snowpack and the overlying atmosphere. The model successfully reproduced 2 maxima (i.e., a peak near the surface of the snowpack at solar noon and a larger peak occurring in the evening that extended down from 0.5 to 2 m) in the diurnal profile of NO2 within snowpack interstitial air. The maximum production rate of NO2 by photolysis of nitrate (NO3 -) was approximately 108 molec cm-3 s-1, which explained daily observations of maxima in NO2 mixing ratios near solar noon. Mixing ratios of NO2 in snowpack interstitial air were greatest in the deepest layers of the snowpack at night and were attributed to thermal decomposition of peroxynitric acid, which produced up to 106 molec NO2 cm-3 s-1. Highest levels of NO in snowpack interstitial air were confined to upper layers of the snowpack and observed profiles were consistent with photolysis of NO2 . Production of nitrogen oxides (NOx ) from NO3 - photolysis was estimated to be two orders of magnitude larger than NO production and supports the hypothesis that NO3 - photolysis is the primary source of NOx within sunlit snowpack in the Arctic. Aqueous-phase oxidation of formic acid by O3 resulted in a maximum consumption rate of ~106-107 molec cm-3 s-1 and was the primary removal mechanism for O3 . © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/81600
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States; Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States; Atmospheric Sciences Program, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States; School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States; Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands; Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado at BoulderCO, United States
Recommended Citation:
Murray K,A,, Kramer L,et al. Dynamics of ozone and nitrogen oxides at Summit, Greenland. II. Simulating snowpack chemistry during a spring high ozone event with a 1-D process-scale model[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2015-01-01,117