globalchange  > 气候变化事实与影响
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.02.055
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84939989235
论文题名:
Sources and temporal variations of constrained PMF factors obtained from multiple-year receptor modeling of ambient PM2.5 data from five speciation sites in Ontario, Canada
作者: Sofowote U; M; , Su Y; , Dabek-Zlotorzynska E; , Rastogi A; K; , Brook J; , Hopke P; K
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2015
卷: 108
起始页码: 140
结束页码: 150
语种: 英语
英文关键词: PM2.5 ; PMF ; Receptor modeling ; Source apportionment ; Speciation
Scopus关键词: Combustion ; Nitrates ; Particles (particulate matter) ; Pollution ; Sulfur compounds ; Conditional probability function ; Particulate matter pollution ; PMF ; Positive Matrix Factorization ; Receptor model ; Source apportionment ; Speciation ; Trajectory ensemble models ; Factor analysis
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology ; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes ; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: The Canadian National Air Pollution Surveillance (NAPS) network operates five fine particulate matter (PM2.5) speciation sites in Ontario. Data from 2005 to 2010 from these sites were subjected to constrained positive matrix factorization (PMF) to obtain factors of particulate matter pollution. Eight factors were found to be common across the sites. These constrained factors were particulate sulfate and nitrate, aged combustion aerosols, biomass/wood combustion, non-ferrous metal smelting, crustal matter, steel works, and road salt. Other factors found at these sites were largely related to local sources in their respective neighbourhoods. Diagnostic results from constraining the PMF factors could be used to select the appropriate post-PMF analyses as they reveal the factors that were expected to have regional or local sources. Interpretation of the spatial trends of factors was guided by the extent of similarity of target ratios across the five sites as determined by their coefficient of variation (C.V.). On average, particulate sulfate had PM2.5 mass contributions that ranged from 7% (Wallaceburg) to 36% (Simcoe) and nitrate species ranged from 7% (Simcoe) to 23% (Windsor). A clear low rural - high urban divide for particulate nitrate was also observed. These non-uniform impacts across the sites indicate that a single representative location is not suitable for studying PM2.5 in Ontario. Temporal variations showed greater abundance of particulate sulfate in the summer and particulate nitrate in the winter respectively. Yearly median values of the sulfate factor that is largely energy-related have been declining for most sites since peaking in 2007. A trajectory ensemble model, simplified quantitative transport bias analysis (sQTBA) was used to identify potential source regions of the constrained sulfate and nitrate factors while radial plots of the conditional probability function (CPF) were used to explore the more locally-sourced factors. The US Midwest, east coast and Canada's west were dominant regional sources. © 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/81839
Appears in Collections:气候变化事实与影响

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作者单位: Air Quality Monitoring and Assessment Unit, Environmental Monitoring, Reporting Branch Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, 125 Resources Road, Etobicoke, ON, Canada; Analysis and Air Quality Section, Air Quality Research Division, Atmospheric Science and Technology Directorate, Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, 335 River Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada; Process Research Section, Air Quality Research Division, Atmospheric Science and Technology Directorate, Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute for a Sustainable Environment, Clarkson University, PO. Box 5708, Potsdam, NY, United States

Recommended Citation:
Sofowote U,M,, Su Y,et al. Sources and temporal variations of constrained PMF factors obtained from multiple-year receptor modeling of ambient PM2.5 data from five speciation sites in Ontario, Canada[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2015-01-01,108
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