DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.11.026
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85006035986
论文题名: Chemical characteristics of atmospheric PM2.5 loads during air pollution episodes in Giza, Egypt
作者: Hassan S ; K ; , Khoder M ; I
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2017
卷: 150 起始页码: 346
结束页码: 355
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Giza
; Heavy metals
; Mass balance
; PM2.5
; Pollution episodes
; Water-soluble ions
Scopus关键词: Alkalinity
; Chemical analysis
; Dust
; Heavy metals
; Ions
; Lead
; Manganese
; Nickel
; Pollution
; Storms
; Water pollution
; Air pollution episodes
; Chemical characteristic
; Comprehensive analysis
; Environmental hazards
; Giza
; Mass balance
; Pollution episodes
; Water-soluble ions
; Air pollution
; cadmium
; chromium
; cobalt
; copper
; ferric ion
; ion
; lead
; manganese
; nickel
; water
; zinc
; aerosol
; atmospheric pollution
; chemical mass balance
; chemical property
; concentration (composition)
; heavy metal
; ionic composition
; particle size
; particulate matter
; pollution monitoring
; solubility
; spatiotemporal analysis
; urban pollution
; acidity
; air analysis
; air pollution
; Article
; chemical composition
; combustion
; concentration (parameters)
; dust
; Egypt
; haze
; particulate matter
; priority journal
; rice
; straw
; Egypt
; Giza [Egypt]
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: Several types of pollution episodes, including dust storm (DSs), haze dust (HDs), straw rice combustions (SRCs) are common phenomena and represent severe environmental hazard in Egypt. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of the chemical characteristics of aerosol during air pollution episodes at an urban area in Giza, Egypt. PM2.5 samples during various PM episodes during 2013–2014 were collected and analyzed. Results indicate that the highest PM2.5 mass concentrations were found during DSs (250 μg/m3), followed by HDs (130 μg/m3) and SRCs (103 μg/m3). Average PM2.5 mass concentrations were 1.91, 3.68 and 1.68 times higher than on normal days (NDs) during HDs, DSs and SRCs, respectively. The highest total water-soluble ions concentration was 61.1 μg/m3 during HDs, followed by SRCs (41.9 μg/m3) and DSs (35.2 μg/m3). SO4 2- is the most abundant chemical components on the three PM episodes. Secondary inorganic ions (NO3 −, SO4 2−, and NH4 +) were enriched during HDs. The total secondary inorganic ions concentrations were 3.17, 1.39 and 1.75 times higher than NDs during HDs days, DSs days and SRCs days, respectively. PM from SRCs showed high K+ and Cl−. SO4 2-/K+, NO3 −/SO4 2- and Cl−/K+ ratios proved effective as indicators for different pollution episodes. A Ca2+/Al ratio indicates that soil dust was dominant during DSs. Ion balance calculations indicated that PM2.5 from HDs was acidic, while the DSs and SRCs particles were alkaline and the NDs particle's was nearly neutral. The total crustal and anthropogenic metals concentrations were higher in DSs than other PM episodes and normal days. The enrichment factors values in PM episodes and normal days indicate that Fe and Mn in NDs, HDs, DSs and SRCs as well as Cr and Ni in DSs come mainly from crustal sources, whereas Cr, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in PM episodes and NDs are anthropogenic. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/82238
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Air Pollution Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt; Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Recommended Citation:
Hassan S,K,, Khoder M,et al. Chemical characteristics of atmospheric PM2.5 loads during air pollution episodes in Giza, Egypt[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2017-01-01,150