globalchange  > 气候变化事实与影响
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.05.047
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85020254628
论文题名:
An investigation on the effect of street morphology to ambient air quality using six real-world cases
作者: Shen J; , Gao Z; , Ding W; , Yu Y
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2017
卷: 164
起始页码: 85
结束页码: 101
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Air quality ; CFD simulation ; Pollutant dispersion ; Street morphology ; Street ventilation ; Urban form
Scopus关键词: Air ; Air quality ; Aspect ratio ; Atmospheric turbulence ; Channel flow ; Computational fluid dynamics ; Crashworthiness ; Diffusion ; Morphology ; Pollution ; Roofs ; Ventilation ; Ambient air quality ; CFD simulations ; Computational fluid dynamics simulations ; Escape velocities ; Pollutant dispersions ; Pollutant transport ; Turbulent diffusion ; Urban form ; Air pollution ; air quality ; airflow ; computational fluid dynamics ; pollutant transport ; street canyon ; ventilation ; air conditioning ; air pollutant ; air quality ; ambient air ; Article ; building ; China ; computational fluid dynamics ; dispersion ; Europe ; geographic and geological phenomena ; morphology ; pollution transport ; priority journal ; simulation ; street ; velocity ; Western Hemisphere ; Barcelona [Catalonia] ; Berlin ; Catalonia ; China ; England ; Europe ; France ; Germany ; Ile de France ; Jiangsu ; Kansas ; London [England] ; Manhattan ; Nanjing [Jiangsu] ; Paris ; Spain ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Ville de Paris
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology ; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes ; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: Street canyons are vulnerable to air pollution mainly caused by vehicle emissions, which are therefore closely related to pedestrians’ health. Previous studies have showed that air quality in street canyons is associated with street morphology, though the majority of them have focused on idealized street models. This paper attempts to investigate the relationship of street morphology to air quality for 6 irregular real-world cases selected from America, Europe, and China, i.e. Manhattan, Paris, Barcelona, Berlin, London and Nanjing. Each street is analyzed as a set of slices to propose a couple of morphology indices for quantitatively assessing the actual street morphology. Pollutant transport rate of mean flows and turbulent diffusion, net escape velocity and age of air are obtained from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to assess the ventilations and pollutant dispersion within street canyons with a parallel approaching wind. The results show that the street morphology characteristics, including the street width, lateral openings and intersections, are closely related to the air flows in street canyons. The air quality improves with a decreasing aspect ratio of central street owing to a larger vertical exchange through the street roof, which suggests an open central street is of better air quality. The lateral openings and intersections of streets have important effects on the air flows in street canyons, and the effects are particularly pronounced when the street widths are similar. The street continuity ratio indicates street continuity. It relates to the openings and the symmetry of a street and impacts on the air flows and pollutant dispersion through the lateral openings of the central street. The street spatial closure ratio is determined by the street continuity ratio and the aspect ratio of the central street. When the aspect ratio of central street is not excessively high, higher values of street continuity ratio and spatial closure ratio can lead to a stronger channel flow in street canyons and improve the air quality. The octagon intersections are favorable for air flowing through the lateral openings and improve the channel flows. The oblique intersections can also greatly improve the street ventilations, mainly due to the enhanced air flows through the lateral openings and the increased turbulent diffusion through the street roofs. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/82362
Appears in Collections:气候变化事实与影响

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作者单位: School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China

Recommended Citation:
Shen J,, Gao Z,, Ding W,et al. An investigation on the effect of street morphology to ambient air quality using six real-world cases[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2017-01-01,164
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