DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.08.053
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85028297089
论文题名: Effects of the window openings on the micro-environmental condition in a school bus
作者: Li F ; , Lee E ; S ; , Zhou B ; , Liu J ; , Zhu Y
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2017
卷: 167 起始页码: 434
结束页码: 443
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Air pollution
; Airflow pattern
; CFD
; Micro-environment
; Window position
Scopus关键词: Air pollution
; Air quality
; Carbon
; Computational fluid dynamics
; Pollution
; Airflow patterns
; Computational cell
; Computational fluid dynamics modeling
; Environmental conditions
; In-cabin air qualities
; Microenvironments
; Road traffic emissions
; Ultrafine particle
; Buses
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: School bus is an important micro-environment for children's health because the level of in-cabin air pollution can increase due to its own exhaust in addition to on-road traffic emissions. However, it has been challenging to understand the in-cabin air quality that is associated with complex airflow patterns inside and outside a school bus. This study conducted Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling analyses to determine the effects of window openings on the self-pollution for a school bus. Infiltration through the window gaps is modeled by applying variable numbers of active computational cells as a function of the effective area ratio of the opening. The experimental data on ventilation rates from the literature was used to validate the model. Ultrafine particles (UFPs) and black carbon (BC) concentrations were monitored in “real world” field campaigns using school buses. This modeling study examined the airflow pattern inside the school bus under four different types of side-window openings at 20, 40, and 60 mph (i.e., a total of 12 cases). We found that opening the driver's window could allow the infiltration of exhaust through window/door gaps in the back of school bus; whereas, opening windows in the middle of the school bus could mitigate this phenomenon. We also found that an increased driving speed (from 20 mph to 60 mph) could result in a higher ventilation rate (up to 3.4 times) and lower mean age of air (down to 0.29 time) inside the bus. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/82380
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Department of HVAC, College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
Recommended Citation:
Li F,, Lee E,S,et al. Effects of the window openings on the micro-environmental condition in a school bus[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2017-01-01,167