Aluminum
; Aromatic hydrocarbons
; Blast furnaces
; Calcium
; Cast iron
; Industrial emissions
; Iron
; Iron and steel industry
; Iron ore sinter
; Iron ores
; Manganese
; Ores
; Organic carbon
; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
; Slags
; Steelmaking
; Trace elements
; Zinc
; Blast furnace process
; Chemical characterization
; Chemical compositions
; Chemical profiles
; Industrial activities
; Organics
; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)
; Species concentration
; Iron compounds
; aluminum
; ammonia
; benzo[a]pyrene
; benzo[e]pyrene
; benzo[ghi]perylene
; calcium
; chrysene
; coke
; fluoranthene
; iron
; magnesium
; manganese
; nitrate
; organic matter
; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
; potassium
; sodium
; sulfate
; sulfur
; titanium
; zinc
; biomarker
; chemical analysis
; chemical composition
; concentration (composition)
; human activity
; industrial emission
; iron and steel industry
; organic pollutant
; particulate matter
; source apportionment
; trace element
; Article
; chemical analysis
; combustion
; industrial waste
; iron and steel industry
; particle size
; particulate matter
; priority journal
; secondary organic aerosol
; slag
Scopus学科分类:
Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要:
Industrial sources are among the least documented PM (Particulate Matter) source in terms of chemical composition, which limits our understanding of their effective impact on ambient PM concentrations. We report 4 chemical emission profiles of PM2.5for multiple activities located in a vast metallurgical complex. Emissions profiles were calculated as the difference of species concentrations between an upwind and a downwind site normalized by the absolute PM2.5enrichment between both sites. We characterized the PM2.5emissions profiles of the industrial activities related to the cast iron (complex 1) and the iron ore conversion processes (complex 2), as well as 2 storage areas: a blast furnace slag area (complex 3) and an ore terminal (complex 4). PM2.5major fractions (Organic Carbon (OC) and Elemental Carbon (EC), major ions), organic markers as well as metals/trace elements are reported for the 4 industrial complexes. Among the trace elements, iron is the most emitted for the complex 1 (146.0�mg�g−1of PM2.5), the complex 2 (70.07�mg�g−1) and the complex 3 (124.4�mg�g−1) followed by Al, Mn and Zn. A strong emission of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH), representing 1.3% of the Organic Matter (OM), is observed for the iron ore transformation complex (complex 2) which merges the activities of coke and iron sinter production and the blast furnace processes. In addition to unsubstituted PAHs, sulfur containing PAHs (SPAHs) are also significantly emitted (between 0.011 and 0.068�mg�g−1) by the complex 2 and could become very useful organic markers of steel industry activities. For the complexes 1 and 2 (cast iron and iron ore converters), a strong fraction of sulfate ranging from 0.284 to 0.336�g�g−1) and only partially neutralized by ammonium, is observed indicating that sulfates, if not directly emitted by the industrial activity, are formed very quickly in the plume. Emission from complex 4 (Ore terminal) are characterized by high contribution of Al (125.7�mg�g−1of PM2.5) but also, in a lesser extent, of Fe, Mn, Ti and Zn. We also highlighted high contribution of calcium ranging from 0.123 to 0.558�g�g−1for all of the industrial complexes under study. Since calcium is also widely used as a proxy of the dust contributions in source apportionment studies, our results suggest that this assumption should be reexamined in environments impacted by industrial emissions. � 2016 Elsevier Ltd
Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France; AirPACA, Air Quality Observatory in Provence Alpes C�te d'Azur, Marseille, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LGGE, UMR 5183, Grenoble, France; Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions, Fos-sur-Mer, France
Recommended Citation:
Sylvestre A,, Mizzi A,, Mathiot S,et al. Comprehensive chemical characterization of industrial PM2.5from steel industry activities[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2017-01-01,152