Aerosols
; Atmospheric aerosols
; Boilers
; Carbon
; Combustion
; Domestic appliances
; Gas emissions
; Gases
; Ionization
; Mass spectrometry
; Particle beams
; Pelletizing
; Photoionization
; Spectrometry
; Volatile organic compounds
; Wood
; Aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometries
; Flow reactors
; High combustion efficiency
; Secondary organic aerosols
; Time of flight mass spectrometry
; Unsaturated hydrocarbons
; Volatile organic emissions
; Wood combustion
; Atmospheric movements
; alkene
; carbon
; fuel
; furan derivative
; phenol derivative
; volatile organic compound
; aerosol formation
; atmospheric pollution
; combustion
; emission
; environmental conditions
; equipment
; experimental study
; heating
; ionization
; mass spectrometry
; phenolic compound
; volatile organic compound
; Article
; boiler
; chemical composition
; combustion
; exhaust gas
; gas
; oxidation
; priority journal
; secondary organic aerosol
; small scale pellet boiler
; soot
; time of flight mass spectrometry
; wood
; Air Pollution
; Combustion
; Heating
; Wood
; Asia
; Europe
; North America
Scopus学科分类:
Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要:
Small-scale pellet boilers and stoves became popular as a wood combustion appliance for domestic heating in Europe, North America and Asia due to economic and environmental aspects. Therefore, an increasing contribution of pellet boilers to air pollution is expected despite their general high combustion efficiency. As emissions of primary organic aerosol (POA) and permanent gases of pellet boilers are well investigated, the scope of this study was to investigate the volatile organic emissions and the formation potential of secondary aerosols for this type of appliance. Fresh and aged emissions were analysed by a soot-particle aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SP-AMS) and the molecular composition of the volatile precursors with single-photon ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SPI-TOFMS) at different pellet boiler operation conditions. Organic emissions in the gas phase were dominated by unsaturated hydrocarbons while wood-specific VOCs, e.g. phenolic species or substituted furans, were only detected during the starting phase. Furthermore, organic emissions in the gas phase were found to correlate with fuel grade and combustion technology in terms of secondary air supply. Secondary organic aerosols of optimised pellet boiler conditions (OPT, state-of-the-art combustion appliance) and reduced secondary air supply (RSA, used as a proxy for pellet boilers of older type) were studied by simulating atmospheric ageing in a Potential Aerosol Mass (PAM) flow reactor. Different increases in OA mass (55% for OPT, 102% for RSA), associated with higher average carbon oxidation state and O:C, could be observed in a PAM chamber experiment. Finally, it was found that derived SOA yields and emission factors were distinctly lower than reported for log wood stoves. � 2017 Elsevier Ltd
Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland; Fine Particle and Aerosol Technology Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health (HICE), Germany; Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Cooperation Group “Comprehensive Molecular Analytics” (CMA), Helmholtz Zentrum M�nchen – German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
Recommended Citation:
Czech H,, Pieber S,M,et al. Time-resolved analysis of primary volatile emissions and secondary aerosol formation potential from a small-scale pellet boiler[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2017-01-01,158