DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.10.049
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84997610761
论文题名: An isotopic study of atmospheric lead in a megacity after phasing out of leaded gasoline
作者: Gioia S ; M ; C ; L ; , Babinski M ; , Weiss D ; J ; , Spiro B ; , Kerr A ; A ; F ; S ; , Veríssimo T ; G ; , Ruiz I ; , Prates J ; C ; M
刊名: Atmospheric Environment
ISSN: 0168-2563
EISSN: 1573-515X
出版年: 2017
卷: 149 起始页码: 70
结束页码: 83
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Aerosols
; Brazil
; Lead isotopes
; Megacities
; TIMS
; Urban pollution
Scopus关键词: Aerosols
; Air quality
; Air quality standards
; Atmospheric ionization
; Dust
; Fuels
; Gasoline
; Industrial emissions
; Ion beams
; Isotopes
; Lead
; Mass spectrometers
; Mass spectrometry
; Multivariant analysis
; Pollution
; Thermal insulating materials
; Brazil
; Lead isotope
; Megacities
; TIMS
; Urban pollutions
; Air pollution
; cement
; fuel
; gasoline
; lead
; stable isotope
; aerosol
; air quality
; dust
; exhaust emission
; industrial emission
; lead isotope
; megacity
; multivariate analysis
; particulate matter
; pollutant source
; public health
; stable isotope
; traffic emission
; transportation system
; urban pollution
; aerosol
; air quality standard
; air sampling
; Article
; atmosphere
; Brazil
; car
; chemical composition
; combustion
; dispersion
; dust
; industrial area
; mass spectrometry
; meteorology
; particulate matter
; priority journal
; seashore
; season
; summer
; wind
; Brazil
; Sao Paulo [Brazil]
Scopus学科分类: Environmental Science: Water Science and Technology
; Earth and Planetary Sciences: Earth-Surface Processes
; Environmental Science: Environmental Chemistry
英文摘要: Atmospheric lead (Pb) concentrations in São Paulo city, Brazil, remain significant, despite the fact that leaded gasoline was phased out. The use of its isotope signature allows tracing emissions to the increasing number of cars, urban construction, and industrial emissions in this densely populated area. High-precision and accurate stable isotope ratio determinations using isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS) combined with particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and multivariate analysis were used to identify the main sources of lead present in São Paulo atmospheric particulates. Throughout a period of sixty days, aerosol samples were collected every 12 h during the summer of 2005 at the University of São Paulo (USP) and simultaneously during one week in an industrial area (Cubatão) and in two more remote areas (São Lourenço da Serra and Juquitiba). The data suggests that aerosols from São Paulo are mainly derived from vehicular exhaust (mostly gasoline) and traffic dust resuspension, with the admixture of industrial emissions, including cement. Lead isotopic compositions (expressed as 206Pb/207Pb ratios) measured in São Paulo aerosols range from 1.1491 to 1.2527 and are similar to those determined from tunnel dust, fuels, and vehicular exhaust; therefore, those are likely to be the main lead sources in the atmosphere of São Paulo. Vehicular traffic (fuel combustion, dust from vehicular components, and road dust) remains an important source of lead in the atmosphere. The maximum concentration occurring during the summer was 0.055 μg m−3 in fine particles, which is detrimental for human health and may lead to exceedances of the Air Quality Standard for lead of 0.15 μg m−3 (3-month average) during other seasons when the dispersion of pollutants is less favourable. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/82786
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Centro Tecnológico da Marinha de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisas Geocronológicas, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 562, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Imperial College London, Earth Science and Engineering, London, United Kingdom; Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom; Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Física Aplicada, São Paulo, Brazil
Recommended Citation:
Gioia S,M,C,et al. An isotopic study of atmospheric lead in a megacity after phasing out of leaded gasoline[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2017-01-01,149