globalchange  > 气候减缓与适应
DOI: 10.1007/s10584-018-2171-9
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85044019279
论文题名:
The Eldgjá eruption: timing, long-range impacts and influence on the Christianisation of Iceland
作者: Oppenheimer C.; Orchard A.; Stoffel M.; Newfield T.P.; Guillet S.; Corona C.; Sigl M.; Di Cosmo N.; Büntgen U.
刊名: Climatic Change
ISSN: 0165-0009
EISSN: 1573-1480
出版年: 2018
卷: 147, 期:2018-03-04
起始页码: 369
结束页码: 381
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Timing circuits ; Uncertainty analysis ; Climatic effects ; Eruptive activity ; Glaciochemical records ; High temporal resolution ; Meteorological effects ; Northern Hemispheres ; Volcanic aerosols ; Volcanic eruptions ; Volcanoes ; Christianity ; climate effect ; cooling ; glaciochemistry ; historical record ; lava ; Northern Hemisphere ; volcanic aerosol ; volcanic eruption ; Arctic ; Greenland ; Iceland
英文摘要: The Eldgjá lava flood is considered Iceland’s largest volcanic eruption of the Common Era. While it is well established that it occurred after the Settlement of Iceland (circa 874 CE), the date of this great event has remained uncertain. This has hampered investigation of the eruption’s impacts, if any, on climate and society. Here, we use high-temporal resolution glaciochemical records from Greenland to show that the eruption began in spring 939 CE and continued, at least episodically, until at least autumn 940 CE. Contemporary chronicles identify the spread of a remarkable haze in 939 CE, and tree ring-based reconstructions reveal pronounced northern hemisphere summer cooling in 940 CE, consistent with the eruption’s high yield of sulphur to the atmosphere. Consecutive severe winters and privations may also be associated with climatic effects of the volcanic aerosol veil. Iceland’s formal conversion to Christianity dates to 999/1000 CE, within two generations or so of the Eldgjá eruption. The end of the pagan pantheon is foretold in Iceland’s renowned medieval poem, Vǫluspá (‘the prophecy of the seeress’). Several lines of the poem describe dramatic eruptive activity and attendant meteorological effects in an allusion to the fiery terminus of the pagan gods. We suggest that they draw on first-hand experiences of the Eldgjá eruption and that this retrospection of harrowing volcanic events in the poem was intentional, with the purpose of stimulating Iceland’s Christianisation over the latter half of the tenth century. © 2018, The Author(s).
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/83741
Appears in Collections:气候减缓与适应
气候变化事实与影响

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作者单位: Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Faculty of English, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Dendrolab.ch, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Departments of History and Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States; Geolab UMR6042 CNRS, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland; Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ, United States; Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland; Global Change Research Centre and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

Recommended Citation:
Oppenheimer C.,Orchard A.,Stoffel M.,et al. The Eldgjá eruption: timing, long-range impacts and influence on the Christianisation of Iceland[J]. Climatic Change,2018-01-01,147(2018-03-04)
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