globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12236
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85017546220
论文题名:
Paleoecology and paleoceanography of the Athel silicilyte, Ediacaran–Cambrian boundary, Sultanate of Oman
作者: Stolper D.A.; Love G.D.; Bates S.; Lyons T.W.; Young E.; Sessions A.L.; Grotzinger J.P.
刊名: Geobiology
ISSN: 1472-4677
EISSN: 1472-4669
出版年: 2017
卷: 15, 期:3
起始页码: 401
结束页码: 426
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: biofacies ; biomarker ; carbonate platform ; depositional environment ; Ediacaran ; geochemistry ; paleoceanography ; paleoecology ; petrography ; quartz ; seawater ; sedimentology ; silica ; siliceous deposit ; silicon ; sponge ; Oman ; South Oman Salt Basin ; Tamarix aphylla ; biological marker ; iron ; oxygen ; silicon ; chemistry ; ecosystem ; geographic and geological phenomena ; Oman ; sediment ; Biomarkers ; Ecosystem ; Geologic Sediments ; Geological Phenomena ; Iron ; Oman ; Oxygen ; Silicon
Scopus学科分类: Earth and Planetary Sciences: General Earth and Planetary Sciences ; Environmental Science: General Environmental Science ; Agricultural and Biological Sciences: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematic
英文摘要: The Athel silicilyte is an enigmatic, hundreds of meters thick, finely laminated quartz deposit, in which silica precipitated in deep water (>~100–200 m) at the Ediacaran–Cambrian boundary in the South Oman Salt Basin. In contrast, Meso-Neoproterozoic sinks for marine silica were dominantly restricted to peritidal settings. The silicilyte is known to contain sterane biomarkers for demosponges, which today are benthic, obligately aerobic organisms. However, the basin has previously been described as permanently sulfidic and time-equivalent shallow-water carbonate platform and evaporitic facies lack silica. The Athel silicilyte thus represents a unique and poorly understood depositional system with implications for late Ediacaran marine chemistry and paleoecology. To address these issues, we made petrographic observations, analyzed biomarkers in the solvent-extractable bitumen, and measured whole-rock iron speciation and oxygen and silicon isotopes. These data indicate that the silicilyte is a distinct rock type both in its sedimentology and geochemistry and in the original biology present as compared to other facies from the same time period in Oman. The depositional environment of the silicilyte, as compared to the bounding shales, appears to have been more reducing at depth in sediments and possibly bottom waters with a significantly different biological community contributing to the preserved biomarkers. We propose a conceptual model for this system in which deeper, nutrient-rich waters mixed with surface seawater via episodic mixing, which stimulated primary production. The silica nucleated on this organic matter and then sank to the seafloor, forming the silicilyte in a sediment-starved system. We propose that the silicilyte may represent a type of environment that existed elsewhere during the Neoproterozoic. These environments may have represented an important locus for silica removal from the oceans. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/85059
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作者单位: Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States; Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States

Recommended Citation:
Stolper D.A.,Love G.D.,Bates S.,et al. Paleoecology and paleoceanography of the Athel silicilyte, Ediacaran–Cambrian boundary, Sultanate of Oman[J]. Geobiology,2017-01-01,15(3)
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