globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12069
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84890222423
论文题名:
Does aspartic acid racemization constrain the depth limit of the subsurface biosphere?
作者: Onstott T.C.; Magnabosco C.; Aubrey A.D.; Burton A.S.; Dworkin J.P.; Elsila J.E.; Grunsfeld S.; Cao B.H.; Hein J.E.; Glavin D.P.; Kieft T.L.; Silver B.J.; Phelps T.J.; van Heerden E.; Opperman D.J.; Bada J.L.
刊名: Geobiology
ISSN: 1472-4677
EISSN: 1472-4669
出版年: 2014
卷: 12, 期:1
起始页码: 1
结束页码: 19
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: abundance ; amino acid ; aspartic acid ; biosphere ; maintenance ; protein ; racemization ; survival ; turnover ; South Africa ; Bacteria (microorganisms) ; aspartic acid ; bacterial DNA ; article ; bacterium ; cell division ; chemistry ; cytology ; DNA sequence ; genetics ; metabolism ; microbial viability ; microbiology ; molecular genetics ; nucleotide sequence ; sediment ; South Africa ; temperature ; time ; Aspartic Acid ; Bacteria ; Cell Division ; DNA, Bacterial ; Geologic Sediments ; Microbial Viability ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Soil Microbiology ; South Africa ; Temperature ; Time Factors
Scopus学科分类: Earth and Planetary Sciences: General Earth and Planetary Sciences ; Environmental Science: General Environmental Science ; Agricultural and Biological Sciences: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematic
英文摘要: Previous studies of the subsurface biosphere have deduced average cellular doubling times of hundreds to thousands of years based upon geochemical models. We have directly constrained the in situ average cellular protein turnover or doubling times for metabolically active micro-organisms based on cellular amino acid abundances, D/L values of cellular aspartic acid, and the in vivo aspartic acid racemization rate. Application of this method to planktonic microbial communities collected from deep fractures in South Africa yielded maximum cellular amino acid turnover times of ~89 years for 1 km depth and 27 °C and 1-2 years for 3 km depth and 54 °C. The latter turnover times are much shorter than previously estimated cellular turnover times based upon geochemical arguments. The aspartic acid racemization rate at higher temperatures yields cellular protein doubling times that are consistent with the survival times of hyperthermophilic strains and predicts that at temperatures of 85 °C, cells must replace proteins every couple of days to maintain enzymatic activity. Such a high maintenance requirement may be the principal limit on the abundance of living micro-organisms in the deep, hot subsurface biosphere, as well as a potential limit on their activity. The measurement of the D/L of aspartic acid in biological samples is a potentially powerful tool for deep, fractured continental and oceanic crustal settings where geochemical models of carbon turnover times are poorly constrained. Experimental observations on the racemization rates of aspartic acid in living thermophiles and hyperthermophiles could test this hypothesis. The development of corrections for cell wall peptides and spores will be required, however, to improve the accuracy of these estimates for environmental samples. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/85178
Appears in Collections:影响、适应和脆弱性

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作者单位: Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States; Indiana Princeton Tennessee Astrobiology Initiative (IPTAI), NASA Astrobiology Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States; Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Directorate, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, United States; Division of Solar System Exploration, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States; River Hill High School, Clarksville, MD, United States; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California-Merced, Merced, CA, United States; Department of Biology, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, United States; ARCADIS US, Inc., Cranbury, NJ, United States; Division of Biosciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States; Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Division of Geosciences Research, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States

Recommended Citation:
Onstott T.C.,Magnabosco C.,Aubrey A.D.,et al. Does aspartic acid racemization constrain the depth limit of the subsurface biosphere?[J]. Geobiology,2014-01-01,12(1)
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