| 项目编号: | 1405525
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| 项目名称: | DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Connecting dryland soil trace gas emissions of NOx, N2O and CO2 to microbial community dynamics along a nitrogen deposition gradient |
| 作者: | George Jenerette
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| 承担单位: | University of California-Riverside
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| 批准年: | 2013
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| 开始日期: | 2014-06-01
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| 结束日期: | 2016-09-30
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| 资助金额: | USD19745
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| 资助来源: | US-NSF
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| 项目类别: | Standard Grant
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| 国家: | US
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 特色学科分类: | Biological Sciences - Environmental Biology
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| 英文关键词: | soil microorganism
; study
; soil feedback
; air pollution
; microbial community composition influence feedback
; soil moisture
; emission standard
; microbial community structure
; nitrogen oxide
; ecosystem process
; soil gas production
; soil microbiological feedback
; community composition
; community outreach event
; soil bacterium
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| 英文摘要: | The importance of species diversity and community composition for ecosystem processes has been shown in plants and animals, but fewer studies have focused on soil microorganisms. Soil microorganisms may play an important role in processes contributing to climate change and air pollution through production of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Scientists currently estimate the existence of millions to billions of microbial species, but how changes in species composition relate to ecosystem function is not well understood. This study will combine measurements of soil gas production with advanced techniques for DNA analysis to examine diversity of soil bacteria and fungi to address the following questions: 1) How does air pollution affect species composition of soil microorganisms and what is the impact on ecosystem processes? 2) To what extent does microbial community composition influence feedbacks to climate change and air pollution? This study will use experimental manipulations in the Colorado Desert of southern California to investigate how temperature, soil moisture and nutrient availability regulate soil microbiological feedbacks. The results will increase predictive power for the impact of future climate scenarios on ecosystem processes, and contribute to a deeper understanding of microbial ecology.
Drylands cover greater than 30% of the global land surface. Increasing human activity in drylands intensifies air pollution with unknown consequences. Knowledge of the relationships between microbial community structure and soil feedbacks to global change drivers can inform land management strategies and be incorporated into agricultural practices to reduce pollution and improve efficiency. Furthermore, this research will inform regulatory bodies so that soil feedbacks are considered when emission standards are set. Finally, the project will provide new educational opportunities to a wide audience, including graduate, undergraduate, and primary students from local schools. These opportunities will feature new environmental genetic techniques that have only recently become available. The skills and knowledge gained from the study will be incorporated into community outreach events that aim to excite children from local elementary and high schools about science and college opportunities. |
| 资源类型: | 项目
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/96744
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| Appears in Collections: | 影响、适应和脆弱性
气候减缓与适应
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| Recommended Citation: | |
George Jenerette. DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Connecting dryland soil trace gas emissions of NOx, N2O and CO2 to microbial community dynamics along a nitrogen deposition gradient. 2013-01-01.
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