globalchange  > 气候减缓与适应
DOI: 10.1038/ngeo2791
论文题名:
Groundwater quality and depletion in the Indo-Gangetic Basin mapped from in situ observations
作者: MacDonald A.M.; Bonsor H.C.; Ahmed K.M.; Burgess W.G.; Basharat M.; Calow R.C.; Dixit A.; Foster S.S.D.; Gopal K.; Lapworth D.J.; Lark R.M.; Moench M.; Mukherjee A.; Rao M.S.; Shamsudduha M.; Smith L.; Taylor R.G.; Tucker J.; Van Steenbergen F.; Yadav S.K.
刊名: Nature Geoscience
ISSN: 17520894
出版年: 2016
卷: 9, 期:10
起始页码: 762
结束页码: 766
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: canal ; groundwater ; in situ measurement ; policy development ; resource depletion ; spatiotemporal analysis ; streamflow ; water level ; water pollution ; water quality ; Bangladesh ; Gangetic Plain ; India ; Nepal ; Pakistan
英文摘要: Groundwater abstraction from the transboundary Indo-Gangetic Basin comprises 25% of global groundwater withdrawals, sustaining agricultural productivity in Pakistan, India, Nepal and Bangladesh. Recent interpretations of satellite gravity data indicate that current abstraction is unsustainable, yet these large-scale interpretations lack the spatio-temporal resolution required to govern groundwater effectively. Here we report new evidence from high-resolution in situ records of groundwater levels, abstraction and groundwater quality, which reveal that sustainable groundwater supplies are constrained more by extensive contamination than depletion. We estimate the volume of groundwater to 200 m depth to be >20 times the combined annual flow of the Indus, Brahmaputra and Ganges, and show the water table has been stable or rising across 70% of the aquifer between 2000 and 2012. Groundwater levels are falling in the remaining 30%, amounting to a net annual depletion of 8.0 ± 3.0 km3. Within 60% of the aquifer, access to potable groundwater is restricted by excessive salinity or arsenic. Recent groundwater depletion in northern India and Pakistan has occurred within a longer history of groundwater accumulation from extensive canal leakage. This basin-wide synthesis of in situ groundwater observations provides the spatial detail essential for policy development, and the historical context to help evaluate recent satellite gravity data. © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/105906
Appears in Collections:气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: British Geological Survey, Lyell Centre, Research Avenue South, Riccarton, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Department of Geology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, United Kingdom; InternationalWaterlogging and Salinity Research Institute (IWASRI), Water and Power Development Authority, Lahore, Pakistan; Overseas Development Institute, 203 Blackfriars Road, London, United Kingdom; Institute for Social and Environmental Transition-Nepal, Manasi Marga, Kathmandu Municipality-4, Chandol, Kathmandu, Nepal; GlobalWater Partnership, 25 Osberton Road, Summertown, Oxford, United Kingdom; National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India; British Geological Survey, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom; British Geological Survey, Environmental Science Centre, Keyworth, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Institute for Social and Environmental Transition-International (ISET-International), 948 North Street 7, Boulder, CO, United States; Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India; Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction, University College London, Gower Street, London, United Kingdom; Filters for Families, 2844 Depew Street, Wheat Ridge, CO, United States; Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London, United Kingdom; MetaMeta Research, Postelstraat 2, 's Hertogenbosch, Netherlands

Recommended Citation:
MacDonald A.M.,Bonsor H.C.,Ahmed K.M.,et al. Groundwater quality and depletion in the Indo-Gangetic Basin mapped from in situ observations[J]. Nature Geoscience,2016-01-01,9(10)
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