DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0323.1
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85040908680
论文题名: Fast and slow components of the extratropical atmospheric circulation response to CO2 forcing
作者: Ceppi P. ; Zappa G. ; Shepherd T.G. ; Gregory J.M.
刊名: Journal of Climate
ISSN: 8948755
出版年: 2018
卷: 31, 期: 3 起始页码: 1091
结束页码: 1105
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Atmosphere-ocean interaction
; Climate change
; Climate models
; Jets
; Radiative forcing
Scopus关键词: Atmospheric radiation
; Atmospheric thermodynamics
; Carbon dioxide
; Climate change
; Climatology
; Fighter aircraft
; Jets
; Long Term Evolution (LTE)
; Meteorology
; Oceanography
; Surface waters
; Atmosphere-ocean interactions
; Atmospheric circulation
; Coupled climate model
; Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
; Extratropical circulation
; Global-mean temperature
; Radiative forcings
; Sea surface temperatures
; Climate models
; air-sea interaction
; atmospheric circulation
; carbon dioxide
; climate change
; climate modeling
; El Nino
; extratropical environment
; general circulation model
; global climate
; jet flow
; radiative forcing
; sea surface temperature
; warming
; Pacific Ocean
; Pacific Ocean (Tropical)
; Southern Ocean
英文摘要: Poleward shifts of the extratropical atmospheric circulation are a common response to CO2 forcing in global climate models (GCMs), but little is known about the time dependence of this response. Here it is shown that in coupled climate models, the long-term evolution of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) induces two distinct time scales of circulation response to steplike CO2 forcing. In most GCMs from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project as well as in the multimodel mean, all of the poleward shift of the midlatitude jets and Hadley cell edge occurs in a fast response within 5-10 years of the forcing, during which less than half of the expected equilibrium warming is realized. Compared with this fast response, the slow response over subsequent decades to centuries features stronger polar amplification (especially in the Antarctic), enhanced warming in the Southern Ocean, an El Niño-like pattern of tropical Pacific warming, and weaker land-sea contrast. Atmosphere-only GCM experiments demonstrate that the SST evolution drives the difference between the fast and slow circulation responses, although the direct radiative effect of CO2 also contributes to the fast response. It is further shown that the fast and slow responses determine the long-term evolution of the circulation response to warming in the representative concentration pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5) scenario. The results imply that shifts in midlatitude circulation generally scale with the radiative forcing, rather than with global-mean temperature change. A corollary is that time slices taken from a transient simulation at a given level of warming will considerably overestimate the extratropical circulation response in a stabilized climate. © 2018 American Meteorological Society. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/111688
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom; NCAS-Climate, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom; Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Ceppi P.,Zappa G.,Shepherd T.G.,et al. Fast and slow components of the extratropical atmospheric circulation response to CO2 forcing[J]. Journal of Climate,2018-01-01,31(3)