DOI: 10.1002/2017JF004461
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85045881146
论文题名: Controls on Yardang Development and Morphology: 1. Field Observations and Measurements at Ocotillo Wells, California
作者: Pelletier J.D. ; Kapp P.A. ; Abell J. ; Field J.P. ; Williams Z.C. ; Dorsey R.J.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface
ISSN: 21699003
出版年: 2018
卷: 123, 期: 4 起始页码: 694
结束页码: 722
语种: 英语
英文关键词: abrasion
; eolian
; yardangs
Scopus关键词: abrasion
; digital elevation model
; eolian deposit
; eolian process
; erosion rate
; formation mechanism
; geomorphological response
; saltation
; structural geology
; vertical distribution
; wind erosion
; wind field
; California
; United States
; Fouquieria splendens
英文摘要: Yardangs are streamlined hills formed in part by the erosive action of wind and wind-blown sediments. Here we examine the controls on yardang development and morphology using the Ocotillo Wells State Vehicular Recreation Area (OWSVRA), California, as a study site. We measured the compressive strengths, strikes, and dips of bedrock strata, eolian sediment fluxes (including their vertical profiles and spatial variations around yardangs), and erosion rates derived from geologic constraints and multitemporal Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS). We used a combination of TLS-based and airborne lidar-based Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) to test the applicability of an asymmetric Gaussian function for characterizing yardang form and quantify the relationships among yardang lengths, widths, heights, spacings, and their controlling factors. Yardang aspect ratios are controlled by bedrock structural attributes, specifically by the tangent of the dip and the angle between the strike and the prevailing wind direction. Yardang spacings scale linearly with yardang width. Yardang heights increase as the square root of width such that larger yardangs tend to have gentler side slopes. Sediment fluxes reach a maximum in the troughs among yardangs, consistent with the hypothesis that yardang development involves the focusing of wind and wind-blown sediments into troughs. The vertical distribution of eolian sediment flux follows a power law with an exponent of −2.5, a result consistent with an advection-diffusion-settling model of transport near the saltation-suspension transition. Erosion rates are several mm/yr over time scales of ~100 and ~106 years. ©2018. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/114239
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States; Department of Geological Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
Recommended Citation:
Pelletier J.D.,Kapp P.A.,Abell J.,et al. Controls on Yardang Development and Morphology: 1. Field Observations and Measurements at Ocotillo Wells, California[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface,2018-01-01,123(4)