ancient DNA
; mitochondrial DNA
; mitochondrial DNA
; American bison
; animal dispersal
; Article
; Bison
; Bison latifrons
; Bison priscus
; chronology
; Colorado
; fossil animal
; genomics
; lifespan
; mitochondrial genetics
; mitochondrial genome
; molecular evolution
; molecular phylogeny
; morphological trait
; nonhuman
; North America
; nucleotide sequence
; paleogenomics
; paleontology
; phylogenetic tree
; priority journal
; Upper Pleistocene
; Yukon
; animal
; Bison
; classification
; fossil
; genetics
; genomics
; history
; phylogeny
; physiology
; Animals
; Bison
; DNA, Mitochondrial
; Fossils
; Genome, Mitochondrial
; Genomics
; History, Ancient
; North America
; Phylogeny
英文摘要:
The arrival of bison in North America marks one of the most successful large-mammal dispersals from Asia within the last million years, yet the timing and nature of this event remain poorly determined. Here, we used a combined paleontological and paleogenomic approach to provide a robust timeline for the entry and subsequent evolution of bison within North America. We characterized two fossil-rich localities in Canada's Yukon and identified the oldest well-constrained bison fossil in North America, a 130,000-y-old steppe bison, Bison cf. priscus. We extracted and sequenced mitochondrial genomes from both this bison and from the remains of a recently discovered, ∼ 120,000-y-old giant longhorned bison, Bison latifrons, from Snowmass, Colorado. We analyzed these and 44 other bison mitogenomes with ages that span the Late Pleistocene, and identified two waves of bison dispersal into North America from Asia, the earliest of which occurred ∼ 195- 135 thousand y ago and preceded the morphological diversification of North American bison, and the second of which occurred during the Late Pleistocene, ∼ 45-21 thousand y ago. This chronological arc establishes that bison first entered North America during the sea level lowstand accompanying marine isotope stage 6, rejecting earlier records of bison in North America. After their invasion, bison rapidly colonized North America during the last interglaciation, spreading from Alaska through continental North America; they have been continuously resident since then.
Froese, D., Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada; Stiller, M., Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States, German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Institute for Translational Skin Cancer Research, Essen, D-45141, Germany; Heintzman, P.D., Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States; Reyes, A.V., Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada; Zazula, G.D., Yukon Palaeontology Program, Department of Tourism and Culture, Government of Yukon, WhitehorseYT Y1A 2C6, Canada; Soares, A.E.R., Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States; Meyer, M., Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 04103, Germany; Hall, E., Yukon Palaeontology Program, Department of Tourism and Culture, Government of Yukon, WhitehorseYT Y1A 2C6, Canada; Jensen, B.J.L., Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada, Royal Alberta Museum, Edmonton, AB T5N 0M6, Canada; Arnold, L.J., School of Physical Sciences, Environment Institute, and Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; MacPhee, R.D.E., Division of Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, United States; Shapiro, B., Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States, University of California, University of California, Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
Recommended Citation:
Froese D.,Stiller M.,Heintzman P.D.,et al. Fossil and genomic evidence constrains the timing of bison arrival in North America[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2017-01-01,114(13)