Met Office Hadley Centre, FitzRoy Road, Exeter, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis, Environment Canada, VIC, BC, Canada; Rossby Centre, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, 60176 Norrköping, Sweden; Institut Català de Ciències del Clima, Carrer del Doctor Trueta, 203, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; NCAS-Climate, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6BB, United Kingdom; Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, Netherlands; Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tsukuba, 305-0052, Japan; Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8568, Japan; RSMAS/MPO, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL, 33149, United States; Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, WA, DC, 20375, United States; Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Bundesstraße 53, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States; Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands