DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12998
论文题名: The greenhouse gas balance of European grasslands
作者: Chang J. ; Ciais P. ; Viovy N. ; Vuichard N. ; Sultan B. ; Soussana J.-F.
刊名: Global Change Biology
ISSN: 13541013
出版年: 2015
卷: 21, 期: 10 起始页码: 3748
结束页码: 3761
语种: 英语
英文关键词: European grassland
; Grassland management
; Greenhouse gases balance
; Livestock
; ORCHIDEE
Scopus关键词: biogeochemistry
; carbon balance
; carbon dioxide
; grassland
; greenhouse gas
; livestock
; management practice
; methane
; net ecosystem exchange
; nitrogen oxides
; Norway
; Switzerland
; Animalia
; gas
; air pollution
; analysis
; biological model
; carbon cycle
; chemical model
; environmental protection
; Europe
; gas
; grassland
; greenhouse effect
; season
; Air Pollution
; Carbon Cycle
; Conservation of Natural Resources
; Europe
; Gases
; Grassland
; Greenhouse Effect
; Models, Biological
; Models, Chemical
; Seasons
英文摘要: The greenhouse gas (GHG) balance of European grasslands (EU-28 plus Norway and Switzerland), including CO2 , CH4 and N2 O, is estimated using the new process-based biogeochemical model ORCHIDEE-GM over the period 1961-2010. The model includes the following: (1) a mechanistic representation of the spatial distribution of management practice; (2) management intensity, going from intensively to extensively managed; (3) gridded simulation of the carbon balance at ecosystem and farm scale; and (4) gridded simulation of N2 O and CH4 emissions by fertilized grassland soils and livestock. The external drivers of the model are changing animal numbers, nitrogen fertilization and deposition, land-use change, and variable CO2 and climate. The carbon balance of European grassland (NBP) is estimated to be a net sink of 15 ± 7 g C m-2 year-1 during 1961-2010, equivalent to a 50-year continental cumulative soil carbon sequestration of 1.0 ± 0.4 Pg C. At the farm scale, which includes both ecosystem CO2 fluxes and CO2 emissions from the digestion of harvested forage, the net C balance is roughly halved, down to a small sink, or nearly neutral flux of 8 g C m-2 year-1. Adding CH4 and N2 O emissions to net ecosystem exchange to define the ecosystem-scale GHG balance, we found that grasslands remain a net GHG sink of 19 ± 10 g C-CO2 equiv. m-2 year-1, because the CO2 sink offsets N2 O and grazing animal CH4 emissions. However, when considering the farm scale, the GHG balance (NGB) becomes a net GHG source of -50 g C-CO2 equiv. m-2 year-1. ORCHIDEE-GM simulated an increase in European grassland NBP during the last five decades. This enhanced NBP reflects the combination of a positive trend of net primary production due to CO2 , climate and nitrogen fertilization and the diminishing requirement for grass forage due to the Europe-wide reduction in livestock numbers. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/61907
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
There are no files associated with this item.
作者单位: Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, UMR8212, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Sorbonne Universités (UPMC Univ Paris 06), CNRS-IRD-MNHN, LOCEAN/IPSL, 4 place Jussieu, Paris, France; INRA, Grassland Ecosystem Research Unit, UREP, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Recommended Citation:
Chang J.,Ciais P.,Viovy N.,et al. The greenhouse gas balance of European grasslands[J]. Global Change Biology,2015-01-01,21(10)