DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.50235
论文题名: Observed vertical redistribution of black carbon and other insoluble light-absorbing particles in melting snow
作者: Doherty S.J. ; Grenfell T.C. ; Forsström S. ; Hegg D.L. ; Brandt R.E. ; Warren S.G.
刊名: Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
ISSN: 21698996
出版年: 2013
卷: 118, 期: 11 起始页码: 5553
结束页码: 5569
语种: 英语
英文关键词: black carbon
; scavenging efficiency
; snow albedo
; snowmelt
Scopus关键词: Amplification
; Atmospheric radiation
; Efficiency
; Scavenging
; Solar radiation
; Solvents
; Amplification factors
; Black carbon
; Field measurement
; Individual particles
; Radiative forcings
; Scavenging efficiency
; Snowmelt
; Vertical distributions
; Snow
; black carbon
; concentration (composition)
; hydrophobicity
; light effect
; particle size
; percolation
; radiative forcing
; seasonal variation
; snow
; Arctic
; Greenland
; Norway
; Troms
英文摘要: Light-absorbing impurities in snow reduce snow albedo, producing a positive radiative forcing, warming the surface air and snowpack, and accelerating snow melt. As the snow melts, black carbon (BC) and other insoluble light-absorbing particulate impurities (ILAP) are retained at the snow surface because their scavenging efficiency with meltwater is <100%, so concentrations of ILAP in surface snow increase with snow melt, further reducing snow albedo. The magnitude of this positive feedback depends on the scavenging efficiency of BC and other ILAP with snow meltwater. We present results from field measurements of the vertical distribution of BC and other ILAP in snow near Barrow (Alaska), the Dye-2 station in Greenland and Tromsø (Norway) during the melt season. Amplification factors due to melt are calculated for the concentrations in surface snow of BC and all ILAP. At Barrow and Dye-2, melt scavenging rates are estimated. Melt amplification appears generally to be confined to the top few centimeters of the snowpack, where it increases concentrations of BC and other ILAP by up to a factor of about five. Scavenging fractions of ILAP due to percolation of meltwater are estimated at 10-30%, with the rates for BC being comparable or a few percent lower. The lack of distinction may result from the particles in snow being internal mixtures of both BC and other ILAP, so that scavenging efficiencies for these internally mixed particles are determined by the total particle size and hydrophobicity rather than being different for individual particle components. © 2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. 资助项目: NSF-ARC-06-12626
; RD-83503801
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/63703
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington, 3737 Brooklyn Ave., NE, Seattle, WA 98105, United States; Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway; Atmospheric Sciences Research Center, University at Albany-State University of New York, Wilmington, NY, United States
Recommended Citation:
Doherty S.J.,Grenfell T.C.,Forsström S.,et al. Observed vertical redistribution of black carbon and other insoluble light-absorbing particles in melting snow[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2013-01-01,118(11)