DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.01.014
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84878152181
论文题名: Wolf, elk, and aspen food web relationships: Context and complexity
作者: Eisenberg C. ; Seager S.T. ; Hibbs D.E.
刊名: Forest Ecology and Management
ISSN: 0378-1127
出版年: 2013
卷: 299 起始页码: 70
结束页码: 80
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Fire
; Trophic cascades
; Ungulates
Scopus关键词: Contributing factor
; Ecological impacts
; Ecological relationships
; Integrated approach
; Populus tremuloides
; Scientific findings
; Trophic cascades
; Ungulates
; Drought
; Fires
; Forestry
; Ecosystems
; canid
; community structure
; deciduous tree
; food web
; herbivory
; landscape
; mammal
; overstory
; plant-herbivore interaction
; population decline
; predator-prey interaction
; trophic control
; trophic level
; Diseases
; Drought
; Ecology
; Food
; Forest Fires
; Forests
; Populus Tremuloides
; Canidae
; Canis familiaris
; Canis lupus
; Cervus elaphus
; Populus
; Populus tremuloides
; Ungulata
英文摘要: Like most ecological communities, aspen (Populus tremuloides) forests are influenced by a synergy of bottom-up (resources-driven) and top-down (predator-driven) processes. Since the 1920s, ecologists have observed the decline of many aspen communities throughout the Intermountain West. The extent and possible drivers of this decline are topics of much recent scientific study. In addition to bottom-up effects, which include drought, fire suppression, and disease, ungulate herbivory is a contributing factor. Trophic cascades are ecological relationships in which an apex predator produces strong top-down, direct effects on its prey and indirect changes in faunal and floral communities at lower trophic levels. Apex predators, such as the gray wolf (Canis lupus), have been linked to aspen vigor and recruitment, via trophic cascades mechanisms. Scientists have hypothesized that returning wolves to the landscape enables aspen to recruit into the forest overstory, via the density-mediated and behaviorally-mediated effects of wolves on their ungulate prey, primarily elk (Cervus elaphus). We present a synthesis of scientific findings on this topic, identify trends in the ecological impacts of wolves in aspen communities in a variety of ecosystems, and suggest areas for further investigation. Knowledge gaps include the interaction of top-down (e.g., predators) and bottom-up (e.g., drought, fire, hydrology, logging) effects, and how the ecological context of the interaction affects the outcome. Future horizons involve exploring these food web relationships as a complex of inter-level interactions in a more integrated, empirical manner. We suggest adopting a new standard for the aspen/wolf ecology literature by shifting its emphasis and lexicon from trophic cascades to food web studies. Such an integrated approach can help managers create more resilient aspen communities. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/66621
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性
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作者单位: Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
Recommended Citation:
Eisenberg C.,Seager S.T.,Hibbs D.E.. Wolf, elk, and aspen food web relationships: Context and complexity[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2013-01-01,299