DOI: 10.5194/hess-20-3419-2016
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84984680177
论文题名: Stream restoration and sewers impact sources and fluxes of water, carbon, and nutrients in urban watersheds
作者: Pennino M ; J ; , Kaushal S ; S ; , Mayer P ; M ; , Utz R ; M ; , Cooper C ; A
刊名: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
ISSN: 10275606
出版年: 2016
卷: 20, 期: 8 起始页码: 3419
结束页码: 3439
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Catchments
; Engineering geology
; Groundwater
; Groundwater pollution
; Isotopes
; Nitrates
; Nitrogen
; Nutrients
; Phosphorus
; Potable water
; Restoration
; Sewers
; Soil conservation
; Storm sewers
; Storms
; Stream flow
; Surface waters
; Urban growth
; Water
; Water conservation
; Water management
; Watersheds
; Groundwater contamination
; Precipitation events
; Sewer infrastructure
; Storm-water managements
; Stream restoration
; Urban infrastructure
; Urban stream restoration
; Watershed management
; Rivers
; basin management
; carbon flux
; environmental restoration
; fluoride
; infrastructure planning
; nonpoint source pollution
; peak discharge
; phosphorus
; sewage
; stormwater
; streamflow
; urban development
; waste management
; wastewater
; watershed
英文摘要: An improved understanding of sources and timing of water, carbon, and nutrient fluxes associated with urban infrastructure and stream restoration is critical for guiding effective watershed management globally. We investigated how sources, fluxes, and flowpaths of water, carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) shift in response to differences in urban stream restoration and sewer infrastructure. We compared an urban restored stream with two urban degraded streams draining varying levels of urban development and one stream with upland stormwater management systems over a 3-year period. We found that there was significantly decreased peak discharge in response to precipitation events following stream restoration. Similarly, we found that the restored stream showed significantly lower (p < 0.05) monthly peak runoff (9.4±1.0mmday-1) compared with two urban degraded streams (ranging from 44.9±4.5 to 55.4±5.8mmday-1) draining higher impervious surface cover, and the stream-draining stormwater management systems and less impervious surface cover in its watershed (13.2±1.9mmday-1). The restored stream exported most carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus at relatively lower streamflow than the two more urban catchments, which exported most carbon and nutrients at higher streamflow. Annual exports of total carbon (6.6±0.5 kg ha-1 yr-1), total nitrogen (4.5±0.3 kg ha-1 yr-1), and total phosphorus (161±15 kg ha-1 yr-1) were significantly lower in the restored stream compared to both urban degraded streams (p < 0.05), but statistically similar to the stream draining stormwater management systems, for N exports. However, nitrate isotope data suggested that 55±1% of the nitrate in the urban restored stream was derived from leaky sanitary sewers (during baseflow), statistically similar to the urban degraded streams. These isotopic results as well as additional tracers, including fluoride (added to drinking water) and iodide (contained in dietary salt), suggested that groundwater contamination was a major source of urban nutrient fluxes, which has been less considered compared to upland sources. Overall, leaking sewer pipes are a problem globally and our results suggest that combining stream restoration with restoration of aging sewer pipes can be critical to more effectively minimizing urban nonpoint nutrient sources. The sources, fluxes, and flowpaths of groundwater should be prioritized in management efforts to improve stream restoration by locating hydrologic hot spots where stream restoration is most likely to succeed. © Author(s) 2016. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/78753
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Western Ecology Division, Corvallis, OR, United States; University of Maryland, Department of Geology and Earth Systems Science Interdisciplinary Center, College Park, MD, United States; Chatham University, Falk School of Sustainability, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Washington Department of Ecology, Environmental Assessment Program, Olympia, WA, United States
Recommended Citation:
Pennino M,J,, Kaushal S,et al. Stream restoration and sewers impact sources and fluxes of water, carbon, and nutrients in urban watersheds[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2016-01-01,20(8)